Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2021 Jul 14;12:682603. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2021.682603

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

Copyright © 2021 Chazal.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

PMC Copyright notice

Expression of the ORF accessory genes embedded in the N gene. (A) AlphaCoV. HCoV-NL63 (AY567487), the initiation of the ORFN represented an optimal Kozak context (A at –3, G at +4). The initiation of the ORFIa indicated a suboptimal Kozak context (C at –3, A at +4). The initiation of the ORFIb represented a suboptimal Kozak context (C at –3, G at +4) (281). The initiation of the ORFIc indicated a suboptimal Kozak context (A at –3, U at +4). HCoV-229E (AF304460), the initiation of the ORFN represented an optimal Kozak context (A at –3, G at +4). The initiation of the ORFIa indicated a suboptimal Kozak context (G at –3, U at +4). Even if a start codon is presented at the same site as the start codon of ORF9b of SARS-CoV-1 or SARS-CoV-2, a stop codon (asterisk) is found on the third codon following the start codon. The initiation of the ORFIb represented a suboptimal Kozak context (U at –3, U at +4). BetaCoVs. HCoV-OC43 (AY903460), the initiation of the ORFN represented an optimal Kozak context (A at –3, G at +4). The initiation of the ORFI indicated a suboptimal Kozak context (A at –3, U at +4). HCoV-HKU1 (AY597011), the initiation of the ORFN represented a suboptimal Kozak context (A at –3, U at +4). The initiation of the ORFI indicated a suboptimal Kozak context (A at –3, C at +4). (B) BetaCoVs. SARS-CoV-1 and Bat-SL-CoV-Rp3, the initiation of the ORFN represented a suboptimal Kozak context (A at –3, U at +4). The initiation of the ORF9b indicated an optimal Kozak context (A at –3, G at +4). The start codon for ORF9b is very close to the start codon for ORFN (only 10 nucleotides between the ATG of N and the ATG of OR9b). The initiation of the ORF9c represented a suboptimal Kozak context (A at –3, C at +4). SARS-CoV-2, Bat-SL-CoV-RaTG13, Bat-SL-CoV-RmYN02 and Pangolin-CoV-2019, the initiation of the ORFN represented a suboptimal Kozak context (A at –3, U at +4). The initiation of the ORF9b indicated an optimal Kozak context (A at –3, G at +4). The start codon for ORF9b is very close to the start codon for ORFN (only 10 nucleotides between the ATG of N and the ATG of OR9b). The initiation of the ORF9c represented a suboptimal Kozak context (A at –3, C at +4).