Table 1.
Material property and mesh type of the prostheses and cervical spine components.
| Component | Young modulus (MPa) | Poisson ratio | Cross section area (mm2) | Element type | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bone | |||||
| Cortical bone | 12,000.0 | 0.29 | – | Tetrahedron | Ng et al., 2004; Zhang et al., 2006; Lee et al., 2011 |
| Cancellous bone | 450.0 | 0.29 | – | Tetrahedron | |
| Post bone | 3,500.0 | 0.29 | – | Tetrahedron | |
| End plate | 500.0 | 0.40 | – | Tetrahedron | |
| Cartilage | 10.4 | 0.40 | – | Hexahedron | |
| Nucleus | 1.0 | 0.49 | – | Hexahedron | |
| Annulus | 3.4 | 0.40 | – | Hexahedron | |
| Ligaments | |||||
| Anterior longitudinal | 10.0 | 0.30 | 6.0 | Link | Lee et al., 2011; Yu et al., 2016 |
| Posterior longitudinal | 10.0 | 0.30 | 5.0 | Link | |
| Ligamentumflavum | 1.5 | 0.30 | 5.0 | Link | |
| Interspinous | 1.5 | 0.30 | 10.0 | Link | |
| Supraspinous | 1.5 | 0.30 | 5.0 | Link | |
| Capsular | 10.0 | 0.30 | 46.0 | Link | |
| Artificial disc | |||||
| Titanium alloy | 110,000.0 | 0.30 | – | Tetrahedron | Lee et al., 2011; Yu et al., 2016 |
| UHMWPE | 3,000.0 | 0.30 | – | Tetrahedron | |