Table 2.

Lifetime days of pesticide use and high pesticide exposures.

Enrollment history	Age (y)	Total sample			Without baseline autoimmune/lymphoid malignanciesa
		Noncases ($N=\mathrm{11,690}$) %	Cases ($N=590$) %	HR (95% CI)	Noncases ($N=\mathrm{11,045}$) %	Cases ($N=532$) %	HR (95% CI)
Mixed or applied pesticides
Total years
$\le 5$	—	12	8	1.00 (Ref)	12	9	1.00 (Ref)
6–10	—	14	11	1.06 (0.72, 1.55)	14	11	0.96 (0.64, 1.45)
11–20	—	33	29	1.15 (0.83, 1.60)	33	29	1.08 (0.76, 1.51)
21–30	—	26	29	1.06 (0.76, 1.48)	26	28	0.97 (0.68, 1.37)
$>30$	—	15	23	1.03 (0.73, 1.46)	14	22	0.97 (0.68, 1.40)
Average days per year
$<5$	—	19	20	1.00 (Ref)	18	20	1.00 (Ref)
5–9	—	25	28	1.11 (0.86, 1.42)	26	29	1.05 (0.82, 1.39)
10–19	—	32	32	1.09 (0.86, 1.39)	32	32	1.00 (0.77, 1.29)
$\ge 20$	—	25	20	0.99 (0.76, 1.29)	25	20	0.93 (0.70, 1.24)
As a result of pesticides
Seen a doctor	—	7	9	1.26 (0.94, 1.69)	7	8	1.23 (0.90, 1.68)
Been hospitalized	—	1	2	1.79 (0.99, 3.26)	1	1	—
Diagnosed with pesticide poisoning	—	2	4	1.53 (0.99, 2.37)	2	3	1.48 (0.90, 2.43)
High pesticide exposure event	$\le 60$	18	18	1.12 (0.80, 1.56)	15	20	1.57 (1.26, 1.95)
	$>60$	13	21	1.89 (1.45, 2.45)	—	—	—

Note: Estimates were derived using Cox proportional hazard models with age as the time scale, limited to at least 10 exposed cases. When proportional hazards were not met, HRs were stratified by median attained age (60 y). All models were adjusted for state, with additional adjustment for education or correlated pesticides as indicated for specific exposures. —, Not applicable; CI, confidence interval; HR, hazard ratio; Ref, reference.

^aSensitivity analysis excluded study participants with prevalent autoimmune diseases or leukemia/lymphoma (645 controls and 58 cases).