TABLE 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics between allergic rhinitis (AR) patients and the healthy control (HC) group.
| Characteristics | HC (n = 20) | AR (n = 20) | p-value |
| Age (years) | 32.3 ± 9.1 | 37.1 ± 8.3 | 0.104 |
| Male/female (n) | 9/11 | 9/11 | – |
| Education (years) | 15.2 ± 1.6 | 14.2 ± 3.7 | 0.291 |
| VAS scores | – | 46.6 ± 12.5 | – |
| Overall | – | 7.9 ± 2.2 | – |
| Sneezing | – | 7.3 ± 2.3 | – |
| Rhinorrhea | – | 7.2 ± 2.9 | – |
| Itching | – | 6.1 ± 2.9 | – |
| Congestion | – | 7.7 ± 2.7 | – |
| Eye itching | – | 6.0 ± 1.6 | – |
| Lacrimation | – | 4.8 ± 2.3 | – |
| Impact on life | – | 7.6 ± 2.3 | – |
| RQLQ scores | – | 95.5 ± 28.9 | – |
| Activity limitation | – | 10.3 ± 3.9 | – |
| Reading | – | 3.2 ± 1.8 | – |
| Practice | – | 2.9 ± 1.7 | – |
| Social activities | – | 4.2 ± 1.7 | – |
| Sleep disturbance | – | 9.9 ± 5.8 | – |
| Difficulty getting to sleep | – | 3.4 ± 2.1 | – |
| Wake up during the night | – | 2.9 ± 2.2 | – |
| Restless | – | 3.7 ± 2.2 | – |
| Non-nasal/eye symptoms | – | 22.6 ± 10.0 | – |
| Fatigue | – | 3.7 ± 2.0 | – |
| Thirsty | – | 3.0 ± 2.2 | – |
| Productivity degradation | – | 2.9 ± 1.9 | – |
| Tired | – | 3.4 ± 2.0 | – |
| Attention deficit | – | 3.5 ± 1.4 | – |
| Headache | – | 2.9 ± 1.8 | – |
| Exhausted | – | 3.4 ± 2.0 | – |
| Practical problems | – | 13.4 ± 5.4 | – |
| Have to carry tissues | – | 4.4 ± 1.9 | – |
| Need to rub nose/eyes | – | 4.5 ± 1.9 | – |
| Need to blow nose | – | 4.5 ± 1.8 | – |
| Nasal symptoms | – | 16.4 ± 5.1 | – |
| Congestion | – | 4.7 ± 1.7 | – |
| Rhinorrhea | – | 4.5 ± 1.7 | – |
| Sneezing | – | 4.6 ± 1.5 | – |
| Postnasal drip | – | 2.7 ± 2.1 | – |
| Eye symptoms | – | 10.3 ± 5.3 | – |
| Eye hyperemia | – | 2.2 ± 2.0 | – |
| Lacrimation | – | 2.9 ± 1.8 | – |
| Eye ache | – | 1.7 ± 1.4 | – |
| Eye itching | – | 3.6 ± 1.5 | – |
| Emotional function | – | 11.2 ± 4.8 | – |
| Depression | – | 1.5 ± 1.5 | – |
| Impatient or restless | – | 3.2 ± 1.7 | – |
| Irritable | – | 2.7 ± 2.2 | – |
| Embarrassed | – | 3.9 ± 1.8 | – |
VAS, visual analog scale; RQLQ, Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality of Life Questionnaire.