Table 2.

Potential advantages (+) and disadvantages (-) of preoperative chemoradiation and perioperative chemotherapy

Preoperative chemoradiotherapy	Perioperative chemotherapy
+ Better loco-regional control	+ Better systemic control
+ High rates of complete pathologic response	+ No adverse events from radiotherapy
- Poorer response in adenocarcinoma (increased radiation sensitivity in squamous cell carcinoma)	- Poorer loco-regional control
- Radiation-induced changes in surgical field	- Many patients are not able to complete the postoperative regimen