Table 3.
Adipose tissue distribution and skeletal muscle composition in male and female HFpEF patients
| Male (N = 14) | Female (N = 41) | β (SE) | P | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Median | IQR | Median | IQR | |||
| RV EAT, mm | 4.0 | 3.6−5 | 4.7 | 3.5−5.9 | 0.17 (0.10) | 0.09 |
| AV groove EAT, mm | 19.3 | 17.5−27 | 19.0 | 14.5−21.7 | −1.57 (1.69) | 0.35 |
| Liver fat fraction, % | 5.2 | 3.8−10.3 | 6.7 | 4.2−13 | 0.11 (0.18) | 0.55 |
| Abdominal VAT, cm2 | 227.3 | 186.2−260 | 176.0 | 92.8−241 | 1.98 (22.02) | 0.93 |
| Abdominal SAT, cm2 | 297.3 | 249.7−344.5 | 443.9 | 278.4−535 | 182.51 (31.42) | <0.001 |
| Abdominal VAT/SAT ratio | 0.73 | 0.49−0.89 | 0.44 | 0.29−0.61 | −0.56 (0.15) | <0.001 |
| Thigh SAT, cm2 | 112.3 | 63−142 | 228.6 | 112.8−287.8 | 0.87 (0.11) | <0.001 |
| Thigh IMAT, cm2 | 29.8 | 25.3−35.9 | 26.7 | 15.8−42 | 0.09 (0.17) | 0.60 |
| Thigh IMAT FF, % | 20.1 | 16.5−25.6 | 23.3 | 12.7−29.2 | 0.21 (0.16) | 0.21 |
| Thigh interMF, cm2 | 12.4 | 7−15.5 | 11.9 | 8.4−19 | 0.32 (0.19) | 0.10 |
| Thigh intraMF, cm2 | 18.6 | 10.8−26.7 | 16.2 | 11.2−24.1 | 0.12 (0.12) | 0.30 |
| Thigh muscle, cm2 | 143.7 | 121.9−173.8 | 117.0 | 96.7−136.5 | −7.00 (13.26) | 0.60 |
| Psoas muscle, cm2 | 27.0 | 21.4−31.8 | 14.5 | 12.4−17.4 | −0.48 (0.07) | <0.001 |
| Paraspinal muscle, cm2 | 40.2 | 33.1−45.8 | 34.4 | 29.5−40.3 | −2.82 (2.55) | 0.27 |
AV, atrioventricular; EAT, epicardial adipose tissue; FF, fat fraction; HFpEF, heart failure with preserved ejection fraction; IMAT, intermuscular adipose tissue; interMF, intermuscular fat; intraMF, intramuscular fat; IQR, interquartile range; RV, right ventricular; SAT, subcutaneous adipose tissue; SE, standard error; VAT, visceral adipose tissue.
Analyses are adjusted for age and body surface area. Positive β coefficients indicate higher values in female HFpEF patients than male.