Table 3.
Association of inflammatory biomarkers with the primary outcome adjusted for the BIOSTAT‐CHF model
| Biomarker | Hazard ratio per SD increase (95% CI) (adjusted for BIOSTAT risk score only) | P‐value | Hazard ratio per SD increase (adjusted for BIOSTAT risk score + significant inflammatory biomarkers) | P‐value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| NLR | 1.18 (1.11–1.25) | <0.001 | 1.15 (1.07–1.24) | <0.001 |
| CSTB | 1.15 (1.06–1.24) | <0.001 | 1.10 (0.98–1.24) | 0.12 |
| IL6 | 1.16 (1.08–1.26) | <0.001 | 1.10 (1.00–1.21) | 0.039 |
| IL17RA | 1.13 (1.04–1.22) | 0.002 | 1.06 (0.96–1.18) | 0.22 |
| IL18BP | 1.07 (0.98–1.16) | 0.13 | ||
| IL1RT1 | 1.10 (1.02–1.20) | 0.019 | 0.95 (0.83–1.08) | 0.44 |
| IL1RT2 | 1.06 (0.98–1.14) | 0.17 | ||
| IL2RA | 1.07 (0.99–1.17) | 0.09 | ||
| IL6RA | 0.98 (0.91–1.05) | 0.56 | ||
| MCP1 | 1.04 (0.97–1.12) | 0.24 | ||
| MPO | 1.06 (0.99–1.14) | 0.11 | ||
| OPG | 1.12 (1.04–1.22) | 0.005 | 1.00 (0.89–1.13) | 0.99 |
| TNFR1 | 1.17 (1.07–1.28) | <0.001 | 1.16 (0.84–1.61) | 0.38 |
| TNFR2 | 1.13 (1.03–1.23) | 0.006 | 0.70 (0.54–0.92) | 0.009 |
| TNFRSF10C | 1.03 (0.96–1.12) | 0.40 | ||
| TNFRSF14 | 1.13 (1.04–1.22) | 0.005 | 1.17 (0.88–1.54) | 0.28 |
| TNFSF13B | 1.17 (1.09–1.27) | <0.001 | 1.17 (1.06–1.29) | 0.001 |
| UPA | 1.04 (0.96–1.12) | 0.37 |
CSTB, cystatin‐B; IL17RA, interleukin 17 receptor A; IL18BP, interleukin 18 binding protein; IL1RT1, interleukin 1 receptor type 1; IL1RT2, interleukin 1 receptor type 2; IL2RA, interleukin 2 receptor subunit alpha; IL6, interleukin 6; IL6RA, interleukin 6 receptor subunit alpha; MCP1, monocyte chemotactic protein 1; MPO, myeloperoxidase; OPG, osteoprotegerin; NLR, neutrophil‐to‐lymphocyte ratio; TNFR1, tumour necrosis factor receptor 1; TNFR2, tumour necrosis factor receptor 2; TNFRSF14, tumour necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 14; TNFSF13B, tumour necrosis factor ligand superfamily member 13B; TNRSF10C, tumour necrosis factor receptor superfamily member 10C; UPA, urokinase plasminogen activator.
Adjusted for the BIOSTAT‐CHF risk model, which includes age, HF hospitalization in the previous year, peripheral oedema, systolic blood pressure, estimated glomerular filtration rate, urea, N‐terminal pro‐brain natriuretic peptide, haemoglobin, high‐density lipoprotein cholesterol, sodium, and beta‐blocker use.
Bold indicates P < 0.05.