Table 1.
Baseline characteristics
| Dilated, anthracycline | Dilated, idiopathic | P‐value | ICM | P‐value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N = 248 | N = 5998 | N = 1136 | |||
| Age (years), median (IQR) | 54 (44–63) | 55 (45–64) | 0.21 | 62 (55–68) | <0.001 |
| Female sex, n (%) | 178 (71.8) | 1407 (23.5) | <0.001 | 174 (15.3) | <0.001 |
| White race, n (%) | 158 (63.7) | 3325 (55.4) | 0.01 | 917 (80.7) | <0.001 |
| Hispanic ethnicity, n (%) | 17 (6.9) | 382 (6.4) | 0.76 | 83 (7.3) | 0.8 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2), median (IQR) | 25.2 (22.25–29.8) | 28.3 (24.2–33.3) | <0.001 | 27.7 (24.2–32.1) | <0.001 |
| BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2, n (%) | 58 (23.4) | 2463 (41.1) | <0.001 | 404 (35.6) | <0.001 |
| Co‐morbidities, n (%) | |||||
| Previous cardiac surgery | 27 (10.9) | 761 (12.7) | 0.4 | 541 (47.6) | <0.001 |
| Peripheral vascular disease | 3 (1.2) | 104 (1.8) | 0.54 | 93 (8.4) | <0.001 |
| Atrial arrhythmia | 23 (14.1) | 957 (22.0) | 0.017 | 145 (20.7) | 0.056 |
| Ischaemic heart disease | 4 (1.6) | 188 (3.1) | 0.17 | 1136 (100.0) | <0.001 |
| Chronic lung disease | 8 (3.3) | 368 (6.2) | 0.061 | 93 (8.3) | 0.007 |
| Pulmonary hypertension | 39 (16.5) | 1164 (19.9) | 0.21 | 203 (18.7) | 0.44 |
| Current smoker | 6 (2.5) | 236 (4.0) | 0.23 | 96 (8.6) | 0.001 |
| Chronic kidney disease | 25 (10.3) | 1109 (18.7) | <0.001 | 220 (19.7) | <0.001 |
| Prior stroke | 4 (1.7) | 166 (2.8) | 0.28 | 28 (2.5) | 0.42 |
| NYHA classification, n (%) | |||||
| III | 33 (13.3) | 1025 (17.1) | 0.47 | 179 (15.8) | 0.23 |
| IV | 200 (80.6) | 4676 (78.0) | 842 (74.1) | ||
| INTERMACS profile, n (%) | |||||
| 1 | 37 (14.9) | 802 (13.4) | 0.26 | 285 (25.1) | <0.001 |
| 2 | 104 (41.9) | 2329 (38.8) | 335 (29.5) | ||
| 3 | 83 (33.5) | 2037 (34.0) | 336 (29.6) | ||
| Index hospitalization events prior to implant, n (%) | |||||
| ECMO | 4 (1.6) | 110 (1.8) | 0.8 | 80 (7.0) | 0.001 |
| IABP | 41 (16.5) | 1147 (19.1) | 0.31 | 228 (20.1) | 0.2 |
| Cardiac arrest | 4 (1.6) | 176 (2.9) | 0.22 | 139 (12.2) | <0.001 |
| Dialysis | 3 (1.2) | 132 (2.2) | 0.29 | 38 (3.3) | 0.072 |
| Major infection | 17 (6.9) | 306 (5.1) | 0.22 | 102 (9.0) | 0.28 |
| Major myocardial infarction | 0 (0.0) | 17 (0.3) | 0.4 | 175 (15.4) | <0.001 |
| Ultrafiltration | 1 (0.4) | 39 (0.7) | 0.63 | 8 (0.7) | 0.59 |
| Inotrope support | 221 (89.1) | 5110 (85.2) | 0.087 | 883 (77.7) | <0.001 |
| Device strategy, n (%) | |||||
| Bridge to recovery | 3 (1.2) | 16 (0.3) | 0.008 | 5 (0.4) | 0.15 |
| Bridge to transplant | 139 (56.0) | 3771 (62.9) | 0.03 | 597 (52.6) | 0.32 |
| Destination therapy | 105 (42.3) | 2205 (36.8) | 0.075 | 520 (45.8) | 0.32 |
| Laboratory values | |||||
| Sodium (meq/L), median (IQR) | 134 (132–137) | 135 (132–138) | 0.068 | 136 (133–138) | <0.001 |
| Potassium (meq/L), median (IQR) | 4.1 (3.7–4.4) | 4 (3.7–4.4) | 0.64 | 4.1 (3.8–4.3) | 0.81 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL), median (IQR) | 1.1 (.865–1.5) | 1.29 (1–1.6) | <0.001 | 1.26 (1–1.6) | <0.001 |
| BUN (mg/dL), median (IQR) | 22 (15–32) | 24 (17–35) | 0.007 | 26.5 (19–37) | <0.001 |
| BNP (ng/L), median (IQR) | 1180 (543–1857) | 867.5 (413–1662) | 0.032 | 843 (441.5–1495.5) | 0.026 |
| Bilirubin (mg/dL), median (IQR) | 1 (.6–1.5) | 1.1 (.7–1.7) | 0.055 | .9 (.6–1.5) | 0.48 |
| Platelet count (×103/μL), median (IQR) | 201 (152–264.5) | 190 (147–242) | 0.028 | 179.5 (132–236) | <0.001 |
| INR, median (IQR) | 1.2 (1.1–1.3) | 1.2 (1.1–1.4) | 0.002 | 1.2 (1.1–1.4) | 0.026 |
| Haemodynamic variables | |||||
| SBP (mmHg), median (IQR) | 101 (90–113) | 103 (94–113) | 0.044 | 104 (94–116) | 0.008 |
| DBP (mmHg), median (IQR) | 64 (57–72) | 65 (58–72) | 0.15 | 64 (56–71) | 0.7 |
| CVP (mmHg), median (IQR) | 11 (7–16) | 10 (6–15) | 0.21 | 10 (7–14) | 0.3 |
| PWP (mmHg), median (IQR) | 24 (17–28) | 25 (19–31) | 0.01 | 24 (18–30) | 0.12 |
| CO (L/min), median (IQR) | 3.5 (2.8–4.5) | 4 (3.2–5) | <0.001 | 4.3 (3.45–5.3) | <0.001 |
| LVEF, n (%) | |||||
| 20–29% | 53 (22.5) | 1091 (18.8) | 0.15 | 357 (32.7) | 0.002 |
| <20% | 164 (69.5) | 4314 (74.5) | 590 (54.1) | ||
| Unknown | 7 (3.0) | 240 (4.2) | 50 (4.5) | ||
ICM, ischaemic cardiomyopathy.