Figure 4.

Adjusted 30 day all‐cause mortality (with 95% confidence intervals) by emergency department disposition (direct discharge, observation then discharge, and hospital admission) after the index emergency department visit comparing patients with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). HFrEF was defined as ejection fraction <50%, and HFpEF was defined as ejection fraction ≥50%. Observed patients were defined as those officially admitted to an observation unit, those placed under observation status, or those managed in the emergency department for >16 h prior to discharge.