Figure 2.

Proposed mechanism of aPL-related thrombosis and placental injury. aPL: Antiphospholipid antibody; β2GPI: β2 glycoprotein-I; β2-GPI surface receptors: Referring to apoER2′, Annexin A2, or a Toll-like receptor; C5aR: C5a receptor; DCs: Dendritic cells; IGFBP-1: Insulin growth factor binding protein-1; NF-κB: Nuclear factor-κB; p38 MAPK: p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase; PMN: Polymorphonuclear neutrophils; PRL: Prolactin; STAT5: Signal transducer and activator of transcription 5; TF: Tissue factor; TNF: Tumor necrosis factor α.^[14]