Table 1.
Baseline characteristics overall and in patients based on BMI groups
| All (n = 5819) | BMI < 18.5 (n = 83) | BMI 18.5–25 (n = 2062) | BMI 25–30 (n = 2503) | BMI ≥ 30 (n = 1171) | p | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 64.9 ± 11.5 | 69.1 ± 14.1 | 67.1 ± 11.7 | 64.8 ± 10.6 | 61.0 ± 11.6 | < 0.001 |
| Age ≥ 75 years | 1053 (18.1%) | 30 (36.1%) | 517 (25.1%) | 384 (15.3%) | 122 (10.4%) | < 0.001 |
| Male gender | 4561 (78.4%) | 36 (43.4%) | 1563 (75.8%) | 2067 (82.6%) | 895 (76.4%) | < 0.001 |
| Ischaemic aetiology | 3256 (56.0%) | 39 (47.0%) | 1182 (57.3%) | 1454 (58.1%) | 581 (49.6%) | < 0.001 |
| Hypertension | 2776 (47.7%) | 37 (44.6%) | 841 (40.8%) | 1231 (49.2%) | 667 (57.0%) | < 0.001 |
| Cancer | 427 (7.3%) | 8 (9.6%) | 177 (8.6%) | 167 (6.7%) | 75 (6.4%) | 0.04 |
| COPD | 860 (14.8%) | 24 (28.9%) | 295 (14.3%) | 345 (13.8%) | 196 (16.7%) | < 0.001 |
| Diabetes | 1563 (26.9%) | 9 (10.8%) | 446 (21.6%) | 682 (27.2%) | 426 (36.4%) | < 0.001 |
| Haemoglobin (g/dl) | 13.6 ± 1.5 | 12.8 ± 1.7 | 13.4 ± 1.5 | 13.7 ± 1.5 | 13.7 ± 1.5 | < 0.001 |
| Anaemia | 1605 (27.6%) | 32 (38.6%) | 665 (32.3%) | 634 (25.3%) | 274 (23.4%) | < 0.001 |
| eGFR | 58.8 ± 17.2 | 58.5 ± 26.1 | 57.9 ± 17.6 | 58.5 ± 16.2 | 61.1 ± 17.7 | < 0.001 |
| eGFR < 45 | 1192 (20.5%) | 30 (36.1%) | 481 (23.3%) | 489 (19.5%) | 192 (16.4%) | < 0.001 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 893 (15.4%) | 10 (12.0%) | 305 (14.8%) | 382 (15.3%) | 196 (16.7%) | 0.41 |
| LVEF | 28.9 ± 9.1 | 27.9 ± 10.6 | 28.3 ± 8.9 | 29.1 ± 8.6 | 29.8 ± 9.9 | < 0.001 |
| LVEF ≤ 40% | 5527 (95.0%) | 75 (90.4%) | 1969 (95.5%) | 2390 (95.5%) | 1093 (93.3%) | 0.004 |
| NYHA III/IV | 2282 (39.2%) | 46 (55.4%) | 879 (42.6%) | 903 (36.1%) | 454 (38.8%) | < 0.001 |
| ACE/ARB | 5242 (90.1%) | 69 (83.1%) | 1848 (89.6%) | 2251 (90.0%) | 1071 (91.7%) | 0.04 |
| β-Blocker | 2706 (46.5%) | 31 (37.3%) | 921 (44.7%) | 1192 (47.6%) | 562 (48.0%) | 0.05 |
| MRA | 954 (16.4%) | 19 (22.9%) | 359 (17.4%) | 402 (16.1%) | 174 (14.9%) | 0.10 |
| NT-proBNP (pg/ml) | 1001 [416, 2345] | 2587 [980, 5364] | 1509 [613, 3303] | 912 [392, 2020] | 653 [277, 1409] | < 0.001 |
| hs-cTnT (pg/ml) | 14.8 [7.5, 26.3] | 16.9 [9.4, 29.1] | 15.9 [7.8, 29.5] | 14.2 [7.4, 24.9] | 14.7 [7.7, 24.0] | 0.001 |
| sST2 (ng/ml) | 26.9 [20.2, 38.5] | 31.2 [22.3, 39.3] | 28.5 [20.6, 42.4] | 26.8 [20.2, 37.4] | 25.4 [19.3, 34.2] | < 0.001 |
BMI body mass index; COPD chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; LVEF left ventricular ejection fraction; NYHA New York Heart Association; eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate; ACE/ARB ACE-inhibitor/angiotensin receptor blocker; MRA mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist; NT-proBNP N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide; hs-cTnT high-sensitive cardiac troponin T; sST2 soluble suppression of tumorigenicity 2