hzVSF inhibits intracellular HBV RNA levels after infection. a, Time course of the experiment. NTCP-HepG2 cells were infected with HBV (genotype D). At 2 and 5 days after infection, the indicated compounds were added. At 8 days after infection, cells were harvested for qRT-PCR. b, c, Viral RNA levels. Total (b) and 3.5-kb (c) viral mRNA levels as determined using qRT-PCR. Data are presented as the means ± SDs of quadruplicate experiments. ∗p < 0.05.