Table 1.
Occurrence of O-Ac-Sias and biosynthetic enzymes in humans and microorganisms
| Species | O-Ac-Sia form | SOAT | SIAE | O-Ac-Sia GBP | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Homo sapiens | Diverse (Fig. 1C) | CASD1 | SIAE | nd | (41, 42, 43, 44) |
| Campylobacter jejuni | Neu5,9Ac2 (α2-8-linked)a | Orf11 | nd | nd | (190) |
| Escherichia coli K1 | Neu5,7/9Ac2 (α2-3/8-linked)a | NeuO NeuD | NeuA | nd | (194, 195, 196, 197, 198) |
| Enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) | Neu5,9Ac2 | NA | NanS NanS-p | nd | (167, 168, 169, 170, 171) |
| Neisseria meningitides, serogroup C | Neu5,7/8Ac2 (α2-9-linked)a | OatC | nd | nd | (191, 201) |
| Neisseria meningitides, serogroups W-135 and Y | Neu5,7/9Ac2 (α2-6-linked)a | OatWY | nd | nd | (192, 201, 202) |
| Streptococcus agalactiae (Group B Streptococcus) | Neu5,7/8/9Ac2 (α2-3-linked)a | NeuD | NeuA | nd | (189, 203, 204) |
| Streptococcus pneumoniae | nd | nd | Axe EstA |
nd | (175) |
| Tannerella forsythia | Neu5,9Ac2 | nd | NanS | nd | (176, 177) |
| Salmonella typhi | Neu5,9Ac2 | nd | nd | Typhoid toxin | (179, 182) |
| Leishmania donovani | Neu5,9Ac2 | nd | nd | nd | (210, 211) |
Identified O-acetylated sialic acids SOATs, SIAEs, and GBP with specificity for O-Ac-Sias are presented.
Abbreviations: GBP, glycan-binding proteins; nd, not determined.
a
Capsular O-Ac-Sia.