Table 1.

Emergency use-approved COVID-19 vaccine candidates.

Vaccine	Company	Country of origin	Type of vaccine	Dose	Clinical trials	Approval
Comirnaty (BNT162b2)	Pfizer, BioNtech, Fosun Pharma	Multinational	mRNA vaccine (nucleoside modified)	2	18 trials in 12 countries	Approved in 85 countries with WHO approval
Moderna COVID-19(mRNA-1273)	Moderna, BARDA, NIAID	USA	LNP-encapsulated mRNA vaccine encoding S-protein	2	16 trials in three countries	Approved in 45 countries
COVAXIN	Bharat Biotech, ICMR	India	Whole-virion inactivated Vero cells	2 with a booster dose	Five trials in two countries	Approved in nine countries
JNJ-78436735 or Ad26.COV2.S	Johnson & Johnson	The Netherlands and USA	Adv serotype 26(Ad26)vector-based DNA vaccine (nonreplicating viral vector)	1	Eight trials in 17 countries	Approved in 41 countries with WHO approval
CoronaVac	Sinovac Biotech	China	Inactivated vaccine	2	14 trials in seven countries	Approved in 24 countries
Sputnik V	Gamaleya Research Institute, Acellena Contract Drug Research, and Development	Russia	Adenovirus vector vaccine	2	19 trials in six countries	Approved in 65 countries
COVID-19 Vaccine AstraZeneca (AZD1222); also known as Vaxzevria and Covishield	Jenner Institute (University of Oxford), Cobra Biologics, Oxford Biomedica, Merck KGaA, Halix BV, Pall Corporation, SGS, India’s Serum Institute, AstraZeneca, Catalent Biologics, CSL Limited	UK	Nonreplicating viral vector (genetically modified virus)	2	25 trials in 15 countries	Approved in 93 countries, with WHO approval