Table 1.
Cytokine | Control | DR | DIO | p value |
---|---|---|---|---|
IL-1α | 0.13 ± 0.02 | 0.10 ± 0.01 | 0.16 ± 0.04 | 0.26 |
IL-1β | 0.16 ± 0.01 | 0.17 ± 0.02 | 0.20 ± 0.01 | 0.13 |
IL-2 | 3.14 ± 0.37 | 2.70 ± 0.28 | 3.50 ± 0.44 | 0.33 |
IL-4 | 0.09 ± 0.01 | 0.08 ± 0.01 | 0.11 ± 0.02 | 0.46 |
IL-5 | 0.76 ± 0.07 | 0.61 ± 0.07 | 0.73 ± 0.05 | 0.31 |
IL-6 | 0.74 ± 0.07 | 0.90 ± 0.08 | 0.99 ± 0.14 | 0.23 |
IL-10 | ND | ND | ND | ---- |
IL-13 | ND | ND | ND | ---- |
TNF-α | 1.63 ± 0.15 | 1.33 ± 0.13 | 1.81 ± 0.23 | 0.18 |
IFN-γ | 0.68 ± 0.06 | 0.57 ± 0.05 | 0.54 ± 0.08 | 0.28 |
GM-CSF | 0.22 ± 0.03 | 0.17 ± 0.02 | 0.22 ± 0.03 | 0.24 |
Data expressed as pg of cytokine/mg of raphe nucleus extract. Lowest limit of detection (i.e. lowest standard) for each cytokine is as follows: IL-1α = 31.48 pg/ml; IL-1β = 10.54 pg/ml; IL-2 = 95.69 pg/ml; IL-4 = 1.5 pg/ml; IL-5 = 34.51 pg/ml; IL-6 = 15.49 pg/ml; IL-10 = 11.34 pg/ml; IL-12 = 4.19 pg/ml; IL-13 = 4.23 pg/ml; GM-CSF = 10.32 pg/ml; IFN-γ = 12.9 pg/ml; TNF-α = 16.68 pg/ml.