Table 4.
Data Summary for Mediation, Moderation, and Moderated-Mediation Models Predicting 3-Month mTBI Symptoms
| Model Components | Coefficients | |||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model1 | X | Mediator | Moderator | Cov. | R 2 | a | b | ab | c’ | c | CSIE | Interact. | IMM | Range | % | |
| mTBI (n = 50) | ||||||||||||||||
| 4A | PSY | RC1 | .36** | 3.59 | 0.89** | 3.18 | 16.15** | 19.33** | 0.08 | -- | -- | -- | ||||
| 1 | PSY | PEM | CDE | .23** | -- | -- | -- | 17.22* | -- | -- | −10.06 | -- | -- | |||
| 4 | INT | RC1 | .25** | 7.17** | 0.83* | 5.97* | 6.24 | 12.20** | 0.19* | -- | -- | -- | ||||
| 7 | INT | RC1 | PEM | CIE | .25** | 6.61** | 0.83* | -- | 6.24 | -- | -- | − 6.37 | −5.30 | -- | -- | |
| 5 | INT | RC1 | PEM | CDE | .29** | 7.17** | .70 | 5.03* | 5.25 | -- | 0.16* | −15.15* | -- | −1.52, −0.30 | 40 | |
| 5B | INT | RC1 | PEM | CDE | PSY | .40** | 7.96** | 0.80* | 6.38* | −1.34 | -- | 0.20* | −12.87 | -- | -- | -- |
| OTC (n = 53) | ||||||||||||||||
| 4 | PSY | RC1 | .40** | 8.65** | 1.16** | 10.07* | 2.65 | 12.72 | 0.29* | -- | -- | -- | -- | |||
| 7 | PSY | RC1 | PEM | CIE | .40** | 5.91* | 1.16** | -- | 2.65 | -- | -- | −3.79 | −4.41 | -- | -- | |
| 5A | PSY | RC1 | PEM | CDE | .46** | 8.65** | 1.06* | 9.13* | 0.18 | -- | 0.26* | −11.44* | -- | −1.83, −1.26 | 4 | |
| 4 | INT | RC1 | .46** | 9.04** | 0.94** | 8.53* | 9.69* | 18.22** | 0.25* | -- | -- | -- | -- | |||
| 7 | INT | RC1 | PEM | CIE | .46** | 7.08** | 0.94** | -- | 9.69* | -- | -- | −1.36 | −1.28 | -- | -- | |
| 5 | INT | RC1 | PEM | CDE | .50** | 9.04** | 0.93* | 8.44* | 7.66* | -- | 0.25* | −8.16* | -- | −1.83, 0.00 | 36 | |
| 5B | INT | RC1 | PEM | CDE | PSY | .51** | 6.13* | 0.98* | 5.98* | 10.52 | -- | 0.18* | −8.37* | -- | −1.83, −0.06 | 32 |
Note. OTC = Orthopedic Trauma Controls. Bootstrap = 10,000 with 95% CI. X = predictor variable. Cov. = covariate. INT = Internalizing Personality standardized factor score. RC1 = MMPI-2-RF Somatic Complaints (T). PEM = MPQ-29 Positive Emotionality (mean standardized (Z) score). PSY = PID5-BF Psychoticism (mean item score). R2 = variance explained when outcome variable is SCAT. a = predictor to mediator path. b = mediator to outcome path. ab = indirect path. c’ = direct path. c = total effect. CSIE = completely standardized indirect effect. Interact. = interaction. IMM = Index of Moderated Mediation. Range = moderator values defining Johnson-Neyman significance region; % = percent below significance region. Bolded = significant model elements and/or paths.
p < .05,
p < .01
Model numbers refer to the PROCESS version 3 model configurations and are described in the Data Analyses subsection
Optimal models using Psychoticism (depicted in Figure 1A); mTBI: no mediation/moderation, OTC: both mediation/moderation
Optimal models using Internalizing Personality (depicted in Figure 1B); mTBI: mediation, OTC: both mediation/moderation