Table 2.
Proximate and chemical composition of the basal diets (%).
| Experimental diets | |||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Starter stage | Grower stage | Finisher stage | |||||||||||||
| Control | FFB 5% | FFB 15% | FFB 25% | FFB 35% | Control | FFB 5% | FFB 15% | FFB 25% | FFB 35% | Control | FFB 5% | FFB 15% | FFB 25% | FFB 35% | |
| Yellow corn | 56.85 | 53.20 | 46.70 | 40.00 | 32.60 | 56.8 | 52.80 | 45.50 | 38.20 | 31.80 | 63.45 | 60.00 | 53.10 | 46.40 | 39.90 |
| Soybean meal | 35.00 | 33.15 | 29.00 | 25.00 | 22.20 | 32.70 | 31.6 | 28.7 | 25.40 | 21.00 | 25.100 | 22.85 | 19.00 | 15.00 | 10.60 |
| Corn gluten | 2.50 | 3.00 | 3.35 | 3.60 | 3.00 | 3.70 | 3.50 | 3.20 | 3.20 | 3.70 | 4.40 | 4.60 | 4.70 | 4.7.00 | 4.80 |
| FFB* | 0 | 5.00 | 15.00 | 25.00 | 35.00 | 0 | 5.00 | 15.00 | 25.00 | 35.00 | 0 | 5.00 | 15.00 | 25.00 | 35.00 |
| Soybean oil | 1.50 | 1.60 | 1.80 | 2.15 | 2.80 | 2.80 | 3.20 | 3.70 | 4.20 | 4.40 | 3.20 | 3.60 | 4.20 | 4.80 | 5.40 |
| Calcium carbonate | 1.20 | 1.20 | 1.20 | 1.20 | 1.20 | 1.20 | 1.20 | 1.20 | 1.20 | 1.20 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 |
| Calcium diphasic phosphate | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.15 | 1.15 | 1.15 | 1.15 | 1.15 |
| Common salt | 0.30 | 0.30 | 0.30 | 0.30 | 0.30 | 0.30 | 0.30 | 0.30 | 0.30 | 0.30 | 0.30 | 0.30 | 0.30 | 0.30 | 0.30 |
| Premixa | 0.80 | 0.80 | 0.80 | 0.80 | 0.80 | 0.80 | 0.80 | 0.80 | 0.80 | 0.80 | 0.70 | 0.70 | 0.70 | 0.70 | 0.70 |
| l-Lysine | 0.35 | 0.25 | 0.30 | 0.40 | 0.45 | 0.25 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.20 | 0.25 | 0.30 | 0.35 | 0.40 | 0.45 | 0.55 |
| dl-Methionine | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.25 | 0.25 | 0.35 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.20 | 0.25 | 0.10 | 0.15 | 0.15 | 0.20 | 0.30 |
| Choline chloride | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 | 0.20 |
| Anti-mycotoxin | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.10 | 0.10 |
| Analyzed diet compositionb | |||||||||||||||
| ME (kcal/kg) | 3,007 | 3,002 | 3,000 | 3,000 | 3,005 | 3,101 | 3,104 | 3,102 | 3,104 | 3,103 | 3,200 | 3,207 | 3,207 | 3,200 | 3,199 |
| CP (%) | 23.06 | 23.13 | 23.07 | 23.04 | 23.00 | 22.54 | 22.52 | 22.51 | 22.57 | 22.50 | 19.98 | 19.99 | 19.99 | 19.97 | 19.89 |
| EE % | 3.96 | 4.24 | 4.80 | 5.50 | 6.32 | 5.23 | 5.78 | 6.61 | 7.44 | 8.01 | 5.80 | 6.36 | 7.30 | 8.25 | 9.20 |
| CF (%) | 2.65 | 3.07 | 3.90 | 4.73 | 5.58 | 2.58 | 3.01 | 3.86 | 4.71 | 5.53 | 2.47 | 3.03 | 4.19 | 5.35 | 6.50 |
| Calcium (%) | 1.2 | 1.03 | 1.02 | 1.00 | 0.99 | 1.1 | 1.03 | 1.02 | 1.00 | 0.99 | 0.81 | 0.80 | 0.79 | 0.78 | 0.76 |
| Available phosphorous (%) | 0.46 | 0.44 | 0.40 | 0.37 | 0.34 | 0.43 | 0.41 | 0.40 | 0.37 | 0.34 | 0.38 | 0.37 | 0.34 | 0.31 | 0.35 |
| Lysine (%) | 1.47 | 1.45 | 1.43 | 1.44 | 1.44 | 1.33 | 1.33 | 1.30 | 1.29 | 1.26 | 1.18 | 1.19 | 1.17 | 1.15 | 1.16 |
| Methionine (%) | 0.58 | 0.57 | 0.58 | 0.55 | 0.60 | 0.53 | 0.51 | 0.49 | 0.50 | 0.60 | 0.51 | 0.49 | 0.45 | 0.46 | 0.52 |
a
Vitamin premix supplied per kilogram of diet: vitamin A, 10,000 IU; vitamin D3, 2,000 IU; vitamin E, 6,500 IU; vitamin K3, 1 mg; vitamin B1, 2,560 mg; vitamin B2, 5,000 mg; vitamin B6, 1,500 mg; vitamin B5, 8 mg; niacin, 20,000 mg; biotin, 0.25 mg; folic acid, 1,000 mg; vitamin B12, 60 mg; Cu, 8 mg; Fe, 80 mg; Mn, 60 mg; Zn, 40 mg; Se, 0.15 mg.
b
Calculated values for metabolizable energy and amino acids.
FFB 5%: basal diet substituted with 5% FFB; FFB 15%: basal diet substituted with 15% FFB; FFB 25%: basal diet substituted with 25% FFB; FFB 35%: basal diet substituted with 35% FFB.
*
FFB: fermented fava beans by-products.