Table 1.
Participant demographic data.a
| Characteristic | Total (N=206) | Immersive animation (n=72) | Text (n=65) | Control (n=69) | P value difference across conditions | |||
| Age (years), mean (SD) | 21.76 (5.04) | 21.57 (4.18) | 21.95 (6.31) | 21.77 (4.55) | .91 | |||
| Gender, n (%) | .68 | |||||||
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Female | 114 (55.3) | 38 (52.8) | 35 (53.8) | 41 (59.4) |
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Male | 91 (44.2) | 33 (45.8) | 30 (46.2) | 28 (40.6) |
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Others | 1 (0.5) | 1 (1.4) | 0 (0.0) | 0 (0.0) |
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| Education, n (%) | .37 | |||||||
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High school | 6 (2.9) | 1 (1.4) | 1 (1.5) | 4 (5.8) |
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Bachelor’s degree | 166 (80.6) | 60 (83.3) | 54 (83.1) | 52 (75.4) |
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Master’s degree | 27 (13.1) | 10 (13.9) | 7 (10.8) | 10 (14.5) |
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PhD | 2 (1.0) | 1 (1.4) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.4) |
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Others | 5 (2.4) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (4.6) | 2 (2.9) |
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| Faculty, n (%) | .93 | |||||||
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Arts | 25 (12.1) | 9 (12.5) | 8 (12.3) | 8 (11.6) |
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Business | 51 (24.8) | 17 (23.6) | 17 (26.2) | 17 (24.6) |
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Education | 14 (6.8) | 7 (9.7) | 4 (6.2) | 3 (4.3) |
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Engineering | 16 (7.8) | 5 (6.9) | 5 (7.7) | 6 (8.7) |
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Law | 2 (1.0) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (1.5) | 1 (1.4) |
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Medicine | 25 (12.1) | 5 (6.9) | 11 (16.9) | 9 (13.0) |
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Science | 27 (13.1) | 12 (16.7) | 6 (9.2) | 9 (13.0) |
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Social science | 44 (21.4) | 16 (22.2) | 12 (18.5) | 16 (23.2) |
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Others | 2 (1.0) | 1 (1.4) | 1 (1.5) | 0 (0.0) |
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| Occupation, n (%) | .29 | |||||||
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Student | 173 (84.0) | 63 (87.5) | 57 (87.7) | 53 (76.8) |
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Full-time employment | 29 (14.1) | 8 (11.1) | 7 (10.8) | 14 (20.3) |
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Others | 4 (1.9) | 1 (1.4) | 1 (1.5) | 2 (2.9) |
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| Sexual orientation, n (%) | .68 | |||||||
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Heterosexual | 183 (88.8) | 66 (91.7) | 58 (89.2) | 59 (85.5) |
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Homosexual | 11 (5.3) | 3 (4.2) | 4 (6.2) | 4 (5.8) |
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Bisexual | 7 (3.4) | 2 (2.8) | 2 (3.1) | 3 (4.3) |
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Others | 5 (2.4) | 1 (1.4) | 1 (1.5) | 3 (4.3) |
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| Religious belief, n (%) | .15 | |||||||
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No religious belief | 153 (74.3) | 47 (65.3) | 53 (81.5) | 53 (76.8) |
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Christian | 43 (20.9) | 22 (30.6) | 9 (13.8) | 12 (17.4) |
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Others | 10 (4.9) | 3 (4.2) | 3 (4.6) | 4 (5.8) |
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| Marital status, n (%) | .42 | |||||||
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Single | 198 (96.1) | 68 (94.4) | 62 (95.4) | 68 (98.6) |
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Married | 8 (3.9) | 4 (5.6) | 3 (4.6) | 1 (1.4) |
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| Mental illness history, n (%) | .46 | |||||||
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Yes | 8 (3.9) | 4 (5.6) | 1 (1.5) | 3 (4.3) |
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No | 198 (96.1) | 68 (94.4) | 64 (98.5) | 66 (95.7) |
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| Social contact with people with MADDb, n (%) | .64 | |||||||
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Yes | 92 (44.7) | 29 (40.3) | 31 (47.7) | 32 (46.4) |
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No | 114 (55.3) | 43 (59.7) | 34 (52.3) | 37 (53.6) |
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aAll percentages may not total to 100% due to rounding.
bMADD: mixed anxiety and depressive disorder.