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. 2021 Jul 12;93(29):10204–10211. doi: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c01561

Figure 7.

Figure 7

Scheme summarizing the PNS evolution in mSBF. After preparation, the ions are freely dispersed in solution. After 5 h, they aggregate to from CaP species with a diameter of ca. 2–3 nm. The exchange rate of phosphates between free and bound states is slow (on the NMR timescale) at this stage. After 12 h, the CaP clusters can aggregate to form suprastructures of more than 100 nm in size, where individual PNS are still present. The phosphate exchange is fast at this stage. The PNS are constituted by three phosphate units per Ca2+ ion.