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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Jul 29.
Published in final edited form as: Atmos Environ (1994). 2020 Jan 17;223:117267. doi: 10.1016/j.atmosenv.2020.117267

Table 3.

Description of developed LUR models for PM2.5, BC and NO2

Model Variable βa SEb IQR × βc p-value VIFd Global statistics
PM2.5 (μg/m3) Intercept 46.04 1.70 <0.001 NA Adjusted R2 = 0.65
Length of first-class road (3000m buffer), m2 1.09 × 10−4 2.03 × 10−5 3.74 <0.001 1.280 RMSE = 3.12 μg/m3
Farmland area (2000m buffer), m2 7.68 × 10−7 2.04 × 10−8 4.37 0.001 1.163 LOOCV R2 = 0.56
Water area (5000m buffer), m2 −1.04 × 10−6 2.01 × 10−7 0.38 <0.001 1.731
Distance to the nearest forth-class road, m −7.19 × 10−3 2.94 × 10−3 −1.72 0.02 1.321
BC (μg/m3) Intercept 6.09 0.30 <0.001 NA Adjusted R2 = 0.78
Length of first-class road (500m buffer), m 2.96 × 10−4 6.09 × 10−5 0.52 <0.001 1.189 RMSE = 0.51 μg/m3
Length of third-class road (100m buffer), m 1.08 × 10−3 3.83 × 10−4 −0.38 0.010 1.126 LOOCV R2 = 0.70
Water area (4000m buffer), m2 −4.40 × 10−7 6.52 × 10−8 −0.14 <0.001 1.200
Industrial area (4000m buffer), m2 4.44 × 10−6 9.83 × 10−7 0.17 <0.001 1.130
Farmland area (2000m buffer), m2 2.17 × 10−7 3.49 × 10−8 0.90 <0.001 1.114
NO2 (μg/m3) Intercept 22.39 0.94 <0.001 NA Adjusted R2 = 0.73
Length of first-class road (700m buffer), m 8.78 × 10−4 1.48 × 10−4 2.46 <0.001 1.287 RMSE = 3.02 μg/m3
Length of third-class road (100m buffer), m 4.67 × 10−3 1.38 × 10−3 1.77 0.002 1.115 LOOCV R2 = 0.66
Distance to the nearest first-class road, m −1.25 × 10−3 2.75 × 10−4 −1.67 <0.001 1.381
Industrial area (5000m buffer), m2 1.25 × 10−5 2.54 × 10−6 1.96 <0.001 1.296
Emission of NOx from traffic (5000m buffer), t 1.60 × 10−2 6.21 × 10−3 1.90 0.014 1.164

AbbreviationsPM2.5, particulate matter with aerodynamic diameter≤2.5 μm; NO2, nitrogen dioxide; BC, black carbon.

a

β is the regression coefficient of each predictor variable.

b

SE is the abbreviation of standard error estimate of each predictor variable.

c

IQR is the abbreviation of the interquartile range of each predictor variable, the contribution of each variable to predicted concentrations (β × inter-quartile range (IQR)).

d

VIF is the abbreviation of Variance Inflation Factor.