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. 2021 Jul 29;110:213–221. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2021.07.058

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© 2021 The Author(s)

Since January 2020 Elsevier has created a COVID-19 resource centre with free information in English and Mandarin on the novel coronavirus COVID-19. The COVID-19 resource centre is hosted on Elsevier Connect, the company's public news and information website. Elsevier hereby grants permission to make all its COVID-19-related research that is available on the COVID-19 resource centre - including this research content - immediately available in PubMed Central and other publicly funded repositories, such as the WHO COVID database with rights for unrestricted research re-use and analyses in any form or by any means with acknowledgement of the original source. These permissions are granted for free by Elsevier for as long as the COVID-19 resource centre remains active.

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Reproductive number (R0) under combined interventions

Panel A: Under a baseline R0 of 3.6, combined interventions with 50% non-lockdown social distancing and testing-contact tracing (50%) suppress the R0 to less than 1. Panel B: under a baseline R0 of 5.6, combined interventions with 75% non-lockdown social distancing and testing-contact tracing (75%) suppress the R0 to less than 1.