Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of all patients in this study.
| Controls | Mild | Moderate | Severe | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sample size | 9 | 18 | 21 | 31 | |
| Sex (male: female) | 4: 5 | 12: 6 | 12: 9 | 25: 6 | .132 |
| Age at follow-up (y) | 59.8 ± 10.7 | 61.8 ± 12.1 | 63.2 ± 10.3 | 63.1 ± 9.2 | .825 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | |||||
| Baseline | 26.5 ± 3.0 | 27.7 ± 3.8 | 29.0 ± 4.7 | 31.2 ± 5.2 | .027 |
| Follow-up | 26.6 ± 2.5 | 27.2 ± 3.3 | 29.0 ± 4.6 | 31.2 ± 5.2 | .007 |
| Systolic BP (mm Hg) | |||||
| Baseline | 123.7 ± 31.7 | 126.7 ± 19.0 | 121.8 ± 12.6 | 129.5 ± 16.0 | .522 |
| Follow-up | 131.1 ± 16.1 | 127.1 ± 18.4 | 125.4 ± 16.0 | 131.8 ± 14.8 | .515 |
| Diastolic BP (mm Hg) | |||||
| Baseline | 77.0 ± 9.0 | 72.1 ± 11.3 | 71.4 ± 10.0 | 77.8 ± 12.6 | .176 |
| Follow-up | 85.9 ± 8.6 | 80.3 ± 12.8 | 78.6 ± 7.0 | 84.4 ± 11.5 | .152 |
| AHI on dPSG (events/h) | 3.2 ± 1.3 | 9.9 ± 3.4 | 20.8 ± 3.4 | 50.1 ± 19.8 | <.001 |
| Right eye IOP (mm Hg) | 15.8 ± 3.1 | 14.3 ± 3.3 | 16.0 ± 3.1 | 14.3 ± 3.9 | .283 |
| Prevalence of hypertension | 3/9 (33.3%) | 10/18 (55.5%) | 15/21 (71.4%) | 18/31 (58.1%) | .278 |
| Treated: untreated | 2: 1 | 10: 0 | 15: 0 | 17: 1 | |
| Smoking | 2/9 (22.2%) | 7/18 (38.9%) | 7/21 (33.3%) | 12/31 (38.7%) | .609 |
| Current: past | 0: 2 | 2: 5 | 0: 7 | 0: 12 | |
| Dyslipidemia | 4/9 (44.4%) | 6/18 (33.3%) | 13/21 (61.9%) | 16/31 (51.6%) | .453 |
| Treatment with diet: medication | 0: 4 | 1: 5 | 2: 11 | 0: 16 | |
| CPAP use with adequate adherence | 0 (0%) | 2/18 (11.1%) | 7/21 (33.3%) | 16/31 (51.6%) | .004 |
AHI = apnea-hypopnea index, BMI = body mass index, BP = blood pressure, CPAP = continuous positive airway pressure, dPSG = diagnostic polysomnography, IOP = intraocular pressure.