Table 1.
Demographic characteristics at baseline.
| Women (n = 1,335) (50.6%) | Men (n = 1,305) (49.4%) | P* | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, y | 49.82 ± 6.93 | 49.71 ± 6.70 | .685 |
| Follow-up duration, y | 12.00 ± 0.15 | 11.99 ± 0.17 | .040 |
| Occupation,† n (%) | <.001 | ||
| Intellectual | 185 (13.9) | 595 (45.6) | |
| Mixed | 232 (17.4) | 523 (40.1) | |
| Elementary | 52 (3.9) | 40 (3.1) | |
| Homemaker | 849 (63.6) | 1 (0.1) | |
| Hypertension, n (%) | 305 (22.9) | 421 (32.3) | <.001 |
| Systolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 109.64 ± 14.68 | 115.38 ± 14.03 | |
| Diastolic blood pressure, mm Hg | 72.63 ± 10.22 | 78.57 ± 10.43 | |
| Diabetes, n (%) | 176 (13.2) | 236 (18.1) | <.001 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 24.46 ± 2.92 | 24.61 ± 2.70 | .181 |
| Smoking status, n (%) | <.001 | ||
| Never | 1,289 (96.6) | 294 (22.5) | |
| Ex-smoker | 15 (1.1) | 545 (41.8) | |
| Current | 31 (2.3) | 466 (35.7) | |
| Alcohol, g/d | 1.89 ± 6.19 | 19.87 ± 30.82 | <.001 |
| Heavy (≥15 g/d), n (%) | 38 (2.9) | 527 (40.4) | <.001 |
Data are means ± SDs or the number of observations, n (%). n = 2,640. *P = overall group differences between the sexes by t test or chi-square test. †Occupation was investigated and classified into 4 categories: intellectual (including senior officials, managers, and professionals), mixed (including armed forces, technicians and associate professionals, service workers and shop and market sales workers, skilled agricultural and fishery workers, craft and related trades workers, plant and machine operators and assemblers), elementary (elementary occupations consist of simple and routine tasks which mainly require the use of hand-held tools and often some physical effort), and homemakers. Students, retirees, and unemployed people were classified as economically inactive. SD = standard deviation.