FIGURE 1.

Water‐only fasting reduced metabolic‐syndrome and aging risk markers. (A‐G) Effects of fasting on the metabolic syndrome‐related bio‐markers, bodyweight (A), waist circumference (B), body mass index (C), systolic blood pressure (D), diastolic blood pressure (E), insulin (F), insulin‐like growth factor 1 (IGF‐1) (G). Forty‐one participants (17 male and 24 female) completed this clinical trial, and all participants who provided serum and urine samples at baseline (Day 0), fasting period (day 3, day 5), 3 days (day 8), and 1 month post‐water‐only fasting (day 38), were included. (H‐M) Dynamics of the frequency of immune populations were detected upon water‐only fasting. Fasting peripheral venous blood samples were collected by trained medical‐technical personnel. (O) Regulatory T cells were identified as CD45+CD3+CD4+CD25+CD127‐cells. Representative FCM data are shown (L). (M) Dynamics of the frequency of Tregs at indicated time‐points in water‐only fasting or refeeding procedure. (N‐P) The levels of free thyroxine (T4), triiodothyronine(T3), and thyroid‐stimulating hormone (TSH) were determined during fasting and refeeding. n.s denotes not significant, *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01,***p < 0.001