TABLE 1.

The genes associated with the pathogenesis of PD.

Gene	Full name	Locus	Location
SNCA	Synuclein alpha	PARK1	4q22.1 Azizi and Azizi (2018)
Parkin	Parkin RBR E3 ubiquitin protein ligase	PARK2	6q26 Morato Torres et al. (2020)
PARK3	Parkinson disease 3	PARK3	2p13 Kachidian and Gubellini (2021)
SNCA	Synuclein alpha	PARK4	4q22 Forero et al. (2020)
UCHL1	Ubiquitin C-terminal hydrolase L1	PARK5	4p13 Kachidian and Gubellini (2021)
PINK1	PTEN induced putative kinase 1	PARK6	1p36 Li D. et al. (2020)
PARK7	Parkinsonism associated deglycase	PARK7	1p36.23 Li Y. et al. (2020)
LRRK2	Leucine rich repeat kinase 2	PARK8	12q12 Li D. et al. (2020)
ATPase 13A2	ATPase 13A2	PARK9	1p36.13 Gago et al. (2020)
PARK10	Parkinson disease 10	PARK10	1p32 Kachidian and Gubellini (2021)
GIGYF2	GRB10 interacting GYF protein	PARK11	2q37.1 Calatayud et al. (2017)
PARK12	Parkinson disease 12	PARK12	Xq21-q25 Zanon (2020)
HTRA2	HtrA serine peptidase 2	PARK13	2p13.1 Zanon (2020)
PLA2G6	Phospholipase A2 group VI	PARK14	22q13.1 Sudira et al. (2018)
FBXO7	F-box protein 7	PARK15	22q12.3 Yuan et al. (2017)
PARK16	Parkinson disease 16	PARK16	1q32 Han et al. (2019)
VPS35	VPS35, retromer complex component	PARK17	16q11.2 Cutillo et al. (2020)
EIF4G1	Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 4 gamma 1	PARK18	3q27.1 Li D. et al. (2020)
DNAJC6	DnaJ heat shock protein family (Hsp40) member C6	PARK19	1p31.3 Velez-Pardo and Jimenez-Del-Rio (2020)
SYNJ1	Synaptojanin 1	PARK20	21q22.1 Zanon (2020)
TMEM230	Transmembrane protein 230	PARK21	20p13 Deng et al. (2018)
CHCHD2	Coiled-coil-helix-coiled-coil-helix domain containing 2	PARK22	7p11.2 Velez-Pardo and Jimenez-Del-Rio (2020)
VPS13C RIC3	Vacuolar protein sorting 13 homolog C acetylcholine receptor chaperone RIC3	PARK23	15q22.2 11p15.4 Zanon (2020)