Table 4. Associations between psychological impact of the COVID-19 crisis with change in work situation, call up to military or civil protection unit and working from home.
| Psychological impact of the COVID-19 crisis | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Psychological distress during COVID-19 without mentioning it as a cause Measured during COVID-19 and adjusted for pre-COVID-19 levels, age and linguistic region | Psychological distress due to COVID-19, mentioning it as a cause Measured during COVID-19 only, and adjusted only for age and linguistic region | |||||
| Depression b [95%CI] | Perceived stress b [95%CI] | Sleep Quality b [95%CI] | Psychological trauma b [95%CI] | Fear b [95%CI] | Isolation b [95%CI] | |
| Change in work situation | ||||||
| Change in employment status due to COVID-19 (ref: no change; n = 1852) | ||||||
| lost job (n = 81) | 0.09 [-0.11, 0.29] | 0.25 [0.05, 0.44] | -0.03 [-0.23, 0.17] | 0.35 [0.12, 0.57] | 0.61 [0.39, 0.83] | 0.23 [0.01, 0.45] |
| partial unemployment (n = 339) | -0.03 [-0.14, 0.07] | 0.00 [-0.10, 0.11] | -0.01 [-0.11, 0.10] | 0.10 [-0.02, 0.22] | 0.26 [0.15, 0.37] | 0.01 [-0.11, 0.12] |
| self-employed and lost money (n = 73) | 0.36 [0.14, 0.57] | 0.38 [0.16, 0.59] | -0.17 [-0.38, 0.05] | 0.41 [0.17, 0.64] | 0.52 [0.29, 0.74] | 0.20 [-0.04, 0.43] |
| Change in workload (ref: no change; n = 1066) | ||||||
| increase (n = 363) | 0.14 [0.03, 0.25] | 0.12 [0.01, 0.23] | -0.19 [-0.30, -0.08] | 0.17 [0.05, 0.29] | 0.19 [0.08, 0.31] | 0.15 [0.03, 0.27] |
| decrease (n = 646) | 0.08 [0.00, 0.17] | 0.08 [-0.01, 0.17] | -0.02 [-0.11, 0.07] | 0.17 [0.07, 0.27] | 0.18 [0.09, 0.28] | 0.07 [-0.03, 0.17] |
| Called up to military or civil protection unit and working from home | ||||||
| Called up to military or civil protection unit (ref: no; n = 2101) | ||||||
| yes (n = 244) | -0.05 [-0.17, 0.07] | 0.11 [-0.01, 0.23] | -0.01 [-0.14, 0.11] | -0.01 [-0.15, 0.12] | 0.11 [-0.03, 0.24] | 0.03 [-0.10, 0.17] |
| Percentage working from home (ref: no work from home; n = 733) | ||||||
| 90% to 100% (n = 801) | 0.25 [0.16, 0.34] | 0.16 [0.07, 0.25] | -0.08 [-0.17, 0.02] | 0.02 [-0.08, 0.12] | 0.14 [0.04, 0.24] | 0.16 [0.06, 0.26] |
| 50% to 89% (n = 200) | 0.10 [-0.04, 0.24] | 0.03 [-0.11, 0.17] | -0.12 [-0.26, 0.02] | -0.11 [-0.27, 0.05] | -0.01 [-0.16, 0.14] | 0.02 [-0.14, 0.17] |
| 1% to 49% (n = 341) | 0.05 [-0.07, 0.16] | 0.04 [-0.08, 0.16] | -0.08 [-0.20, 0.03] | -0.02 [-0.15, 0.12] | 0.04 [-0.09, 0.16] | -0.03 [-0.15, 0.10] |
Note: Outcomes were z-standardized, and b represents differences in standard deviations with respect to the reference group. 95%CI = 95% confidence interval of b. All coefficients were adjusted for linguistic region and age. Coefficients in bold are significant at the p < .05 level.