Notes: HR: hazard ratio. Results were obtained from Cox proportional-hazards models where death was the outcome. Demographics include age, gender, race, ethnicity; comorbidities include hypertension, diabetes, coronary artery disease, heart failure, COPD, asthma, cancer, obesity, and hyperlipidemia. Laboratory tests include indicators of high creatinine (>1.5 mg/dL), low white blood cell count (< 4×103 cells/μL), high white blood cell count (> 10×103 cells/μL), low lymphocyte count (< 1×103 cells/μL), low platelet count (<150 ×103 cells/μL), high bilirubin (≥ 1.2 mg/dL), high aspartate aminotransferase (> 40 U/L), low albumin (< 3.5 g/dl), high red blood cell distribution width (> 13.5%), and high neutrophil count (> 7.4 ×103 cells/μL).