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. 2021 Jul 29;16(7):e0255150. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0255150

Table 2. Slope indexes of inequality in birth outcomes and prenatal care by maternal education and health insurance scheme, 2008–2018.

Slope Index of Inequality (CI 95%)
Low birth weight* (per 1,000 births) 5-minute Apgar score less than 7 (per 1,000 births) Prenatal visits (number of visits)
Maternal education
Overall 14.10 (13.48, 14.72) 4.24 (3.96, 4.51) 1.75 (1.74, 1.76)
2008 11.10 (8.95, 13.26) 5.08 (4.06, 6.11) 1.67 (1.64, 1.71)
2009 14.20 (11.98, 16.41) 3.93 (3.02, 4.84) 1.78 (1.75, 1.81)
2010 15.03 (12.76, 17.31) 3.64 (2.72, 4.56) 1.53 (1.50, 1.56)
2011 12.85 (10.68, 15.02) 3.95 (3.04, 4.86) 1.60 (1.57, 1.63)
2012 14.18 (12.10, 16.26) 3.42 (2.53, 4.31) 1.62 (1.59, 1.65)
2013 14.04 (12.01, 16.07) 3.56 (2.61, 4.50) 1.85 (1.82, 1.88)
2014 8.84 (6.95, 10.72) 5.64 (4.72, 6.57) 1.71 (1.68, 1.74)
2015 11.24 (9.36, 13.12) 3.68 (2.83, 4.53) 1.72 (1.69, 1.75)
2016 14.05 (12.09, 16.00) 3.28 (2.41, 4.15) 1.74 (1.71, 1.77)
2017 13.77 (11.84, 15.71) 5.17 (4.28, 6.07) 1.77 (1.74, 1.81)
2018 13.36 (11.41, 15.31) 3.06 (2.21, 3.91) 1.78 (1.74, 1.81)
Health insurance scheme
Overall 10.77 (10.19, 11.35) 4.29 (4.04, 4.54) 2.34 (2.34, 2.35)
2008 7.91 (5.91, 9.92) 3.76 (2.85, 4.67) 2.72 (2.69, 2.74)
2009 9.00 (6.96, 11.04) 3.90 (3.07, 4.73) 2.75 (2.72, 2.78)
2010 10.93 (8.86, 13.00) 3.75 (2.97, 4.54) 2.36 (2.33, 2.39)
2011 12.66 (10.65, 14.68) 6.07 (5.23, 6.91) 2.44 (2.41, 2.46)
2012 13.33 (11.41, 15.25) 4.81 (4.00, 5.62) 2.44 (2.41, 2.46)
2013 10.26 (8.35, 12.16) 6.29 (5.43, 7.15) 2.47 (2.44, 2.50)
2014 7.96 (6.18, 9.74) 5.42 (4.60, 6.25) 2.11 (2.08, 2.14)
2015 9.36 (7.57, 11.14) 2.90 (2.12, 3.67) 1.89 (1.86, 1.92)
2016 9.76 (7.90, 11.61) 3.57 (2.76, 4.38) 1.86 (1.83, 1.89)
2017 8.48 (6.66, 10.31) 2.87 (2.01, 3.73) 1.90 (1.87, 1.93)
2018 10.38 (8.51, 12.24) 3.12 (2.33, 3.91) 2.34 (2.31, 2.37)

*less than 2,500 grams at birth