A: data show that BDNF significantly (t test; *P < 0.05; n = 10 observations from 6 animals) rescues the aging-associated increase in the NANC relaxation in the IAS, at different frequencies to the levels not significantly (P > 0.05; n = 10 observations from 6 animals) different from the control young group. B: summarized data for 10 EFS show significant rescue of the aging-associated increase in the NANC relaxation in the IAS by BDNF (B) to the levels not significantly (one-way ANOVA; P > 0.05; n = 10 observations from six animals) different from the control young group. BDNF, brain-derived neurotropic factor; EFS, electrical field stimulation; IAS, internal anal sphincter; NANC, nonadrenergic noncholinergic.