Table 1.

Directly estimated mammalian de novo mutation rates.

Species	Common name	Citation	Ratea
Homo sapiensb	Human	Jonsson et al. (2017)	1.29
Pan troglodytes	Chimpanzee	Venn et al. (2014)	1.2
		Tatsumoto et al. (2017)	1.48
		Besenbacher et al. (2019)	1.26
Gorilla gorilla	Gorilla	Besenbacher et al. (2019)	1.13
Pongo abelii	Orangutan	Besenbacher et al. (2019)	1.66
Chlorocebus sabaeus	Green Monkey	Pfeifer (2017)	0.94
Papio anubis	Baboon	Wu et al. (2020)	0.57
Macaca mulatta	Rhesus Macaque	Wang et al. (2020)	0.58
		Bergeron et al (2020)	0.77
Aotus nancymaae	Owl Monkey	Thomas et al. (2018)	0.81
Mus musculus	House Mouse	Lindsay et al. (2019)	0.54
Canis lupus	Wolf	Koch et al. (2019)	0.45
Felis catus	Domestic Cat	Wang et al. (2021)	0.86
Bos taurus	Cow	Harland et al. (2017)	1.17
Ornithorhynchus anatinus	Platypus	Martin et al. (2018)	0.7

^a×10⁻⁸ mutations per site per generation.

^bMany more studies exist than can be listed here.