Table 1.
Clinical characteristics, laboratory findings and radiologic features of PJP and non-PJP patients on admission
| Characteristics (median [IQR] or n [%]) | PJP patients (n = 60) | Non-PJP patients (n = 134) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 53 (44–61) | 59 (53–67) | 0.019 |
| Male | 37 (61.7) | 92 (68.7) | 0.34 |
| Clinical symptoms | |||
| Fever | 43 (71.7) | 90 (67.2) | 0.532 |
| Cough | 39 (65.0) | 113 (84.3) | 0.003 |
| Expectoration | 32 (53.3) | 98 (73.1) | 0.007 |
| Dyspnea | 49 (81.7) | 95 (70.9) | 0.113 |
| Hemoptysis | 5 (8.3) | 10 (7.5) | 0.834 |
| Chest pain | 4 (6.7) | 6 (4.5) | 0.524 |
| Immunocompromised conditions | |||
| Systemic use of corticosteroids | 43 (71.7) | 24 (17.9) | < 0.001 |
| Use of immunosuppressive agents | 39 (65.0) | 15 (11.2) | < 0.001 |
| Hematologic malignancies | 10 (16.7) | 1 (0.7) | < 0.001 |
| Solid tumors | 4 (6.7) | 6 (4.5) | 0.524 |
| Rheumatic diseases | 22 (36.7) | 25 (18.7) | 0.007 |
| Solid organ transplantation | 3 (5.0) | 0 (0) | 0.009 |
| HSC transplantation | 3 (5.0) | 0 (0) | 0.009 |
| PaO2/FiO2 (mmHg) | 143 (105–181) | 155 (117–280) | 0.35 |
| White blood cells (× 109/l) | 7.4 (5.3–10.9) | 11.8 (8.0–16.4) | 0.123 |
| Neutrophils (× 109/l) | 6.6 (4.5–9.7) | 10.9 (6.6–15.5) | 0.115 |
| Lymphocytes (× 109/l) | 0.5 (0.3–0.8) | 0.5 (0.4–0.9) | 0.648 |
| Hemoglobin (g/l) | 98 (83–117) | 109 (88–122) | 0.026 |
| Platelet (× 109/l) | 147 (71–215) | 198 (130–265) | 0.068 |
| Serum BDG (ng/l) | |||
| ≥ 80 | 31 (67.4 [n = 46]) | 16 (18.6 [n = 86]) | < 0.001 |
| ≥ 500 | 13 (28.3 [n = 46]) | 1 (1.2 [n = 86]) | < 0.001 |
| LDH (U/l) | 496 (338–736) | 457 (266–702) | 0.231 |
| CRP (mg/l) | 88.3 (35.8–159.0) | 138.0 (33.2–217.0) | 0.614 |
| PCT (ng/ml) | 0.30 (0.09–1.88) | 0.76 (0.24–2.76) | 0.138 |
| Chest CT images | |||
| Ground-glass opacity | 41 (68.3) | 40 (29.9) | < 0.001 |
| Patchy shadowing | 45 (75.0) | 81 (60.4) | 0.05 |
| Interstitial patterns | 20 (33.3) | 41 (30.6) | 0.704 |
| Consolidation | 20 (33.3) | 46 (34.3) | 0.892 |
| Pleural effusion | 8 (13.3) | 64 (47.8) | < 0.001 |
| Cystic changes | 3 (5.0) | 7 (5.2) | 0.948 |
IQR interquartile range, HSC hematopoietic stem cells, PaO2 arterial partial pressure of oxygen, FiO2 fraction of inspired oxygen, BDG (1,3)-β-d-glucan, LDH lactate dehydrogenase, CRP C-reactive protein, PCT procalcitonin, CT computed tomography