Table 2.
Cervical muscle strength data [mean (standard deviation)] for the migraine frequency-based grouping approach.
| Controls (n = 32) | Episodic migraine (n = 40) | Chronic migraine (n = 31) | ANOVA | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Extension | ||||
| Normalized force (N/kg) | 1.94 (0.71) | 1.52 (0.57)* | 1.70 (0.54) | F = 4.348; P = 0.02 |
| Force (N) | 121.98 (39.41) | 97.50 (35.15) | 106.52 (34.92) | |
| Flexion | ||||
| Normalized force (N/kg) | 1.19 (0.46) | 0.95 (0.36)* | 1.06 (0.43) | F = 3.127; P = 0.048 |
| Force (N) | 75.6 (27.43) | 60.90 (23.83) | 65.75 (25.26) | |
| RLFa | ||||
| Normalized force (N/kg) | 1.29 (0.53) | 1.02 (0.41)* | 1.06 (0.30) | F = 3.652; P = 0.03 |
| Force (N) | 81.22 (29.88) | 66.16 (26.61) | 66.36 (19.16) | |
| LLF | ||||
| Normalized force (N/kg) | 1.30 (0.47) | 1.01 (0.38)* | 1.09 (0.32) | F = 4.787; P = 0.01 |
| Force (N) | 82.66 (30.17) | 65.11 (23.52) | 68.84 (21.40) | |
RLF right lateral flexion, LLF left lateral flexion.
aLog-transformed variable.
*P < 0.05, different from the control group in post hoc comparisons.