Table 7.
Miscellaneous articles (n 8 articles).
| References | Sample Intervention Group IG, Control Group CG (Number, Age, Gender—Woman W, Dropout rate -DR) | Study Design | Residential type | Measures for dementia | Measures for depression | Intervention (-type, -individual or group setting, -professionist, -monotherapy or augmentation) | Duration and timing of treatment | Main findings | Quality rate (JADAD/NOS) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Biasutti and Mangiacotti (59) | Patients: 45 IG: 20 CG: 25 Mean age: IG: 83.79 CG: 83.42 W: IG: 68% CG: 58% DR: 13% |
RCT | Residential center, Italy | MMSE | GDS-15 | Music therapy and Music training, supervised by a music psychologist.Gymnastic activities supervised by an expert physiotherapist | 70 min sessions, twice a week, of intensive music training program Non-music experimental intervention in the control group: 45 min gymnastic activities, twice a week | A reduction in depressive symptoms was observed in IG In the group with MMSE >23, no significant improvement in the GDS | JADAD 5 |
| Bosmans et al. (69) | Patients 185 IG: 93 CG: 92 Mean age: IG: 84 CG: 84 W: IG: 72% CG: 74% DR: IG: 38% CG: 22% |
RCT | Residential homes, Netherlands | MMSE | CES-D | -Stepped care prevention programme -individual and group setting -staff and trainedand supervised mental health nurses -prescription of antidepressants or reference tomental health specialist, if CES-D ≥16 |
1 month of watchful waiting and then cycles of 3 months of activity schedule | This intervention was not cost-effective and unsuccessful in preventing depression | JADAD 5 |
| Chang et al. (57) | Patients: 20 IG: 10 CG: 10 Mean age 84 W 30% DR: 20% |
RCT | Nursing home, Taiwan | MMSE | GDS-15 | - transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation -individual -nurses -not specified if other therapies |
15 min, 5 times per week for 1 month | A reduction in depressive symptoms was observed in IG | JADAD 5 |
| Chiu et al. (58) | Patients: 57 ICT-communication: 19 ICT-entertainment: 18 CG: 17 Mean age: ICT-communication: 72.9 ICT-entertainment: 72.9 CG: 73.2 W: ICT-communication: 42% ICT-entertainment: 50% CG: 59% DR: 5% |
RCT | Assisted-living facilities, Taiwan | SPMSQ | CES-D | ICT-communication (using app for instant communications on electronic devices) group ICT-entertainment (using YouTube) Usual care group -group -gerontologist -not specified if other therapies |
Once a week for 12 weeks Each session lasted ~90 min | A reduction in depressive symptoms was observed in both IG | JADAD 3 |
| Han et al. (56) | Patients: 42 IG: 19 CG: 18 Mean age: IG: 63,2% <80 CG: 55.6% <80 W: IG: 42.1% CG: 55.6% DR: 11% |
QED | Nursing care hospitals, Korea | MMSE | GDS-15 | Han's laugh protocol, reviewed by professionists(1 nursing faculty, 3 nurses from nursing homes, 2 instructors) | 40 min twice a week for a total of eight sessions held in the patients' lounge = 1 month | A reduction in depressive symptoms was observed in IG | NOS 5 |
| Rajagopal et al. (76) | Patients: 22 Prayer Wheel group: 14 Prayer Wheel individual: 8 Mean age 83.1 W: Prayer Wheel group: 78% Prayer Wheel individual: 87,5% DR: 0% |
QED | Continuing care retirement communities; USA | MMSE | CES-D | -Prayer Wheel group cohort -PrayerWheel Individual cohort |
Six weeks | A reduction in depressive symptoms was observed in group cohort | NOS 6 |
| Tai et al. (64) | Patients: 60 IG: 41 CG: 19 Mean age: IG: 80.49 CG: 81.68 W IG: 53.7% CG: 52.6% DR: 25% |
QED | Senior citizen apartments, Taiwan | MMSE | GDS-SF | - Music therapy with Buddhist hymns -individual setting -music therapist augmentation to standard care |
30 min twice a day from Monday to Friday for 4 months | A reduction in depressive symptoms was observed in both groups | NOS 6 |
| Wang et al. (55) |
Patients: 76 IG: 35 CG: 41 Mean age 80.5 W: IG: 60% CG: 63.4% DR: 8.4% |
RCT | Assisted-living facilities and nursing home, China | SPMSQ or MMSE | GDS-15 | Gerotranscendence group -group -Master's prepared psychiatric nurse |
Exp group: 60 min a week, for 8 weeks. Control group: 30 min weekly general chatting | A (non-statistically significant) reduction in depressive symptoms was observed IG | JADAD 6.5 |