Table 1.

Treg and DC based Therapies without Autoantigen.

Therapy	Mechanism	Clinical trial for SLE	References
Adoptive Treg cell or DC transfer	Non antigen-specific increase Treg cells, Antigen-specific tolerogenic DC immunotherapy to induce Treg cells	Yes for Tregs, No for DCs	(112–116)
HSCT/MSCT	Non antigen-specific immune tolerance	Yes	(117, 118)
Low-dose IL-2	Non antigen-specific increased survival, proliferation and/or function of Treg cells	Yes	(3)
Targeted DC immunotherapy	Induce tolerance through tolerogenic antigen delivery to DCs	No	(119, 120)