Table 1.
Comparison of baseline characteristics of patients with prostate cancer who chose definitive treatment and those who underwent active surveillance.
| Total | Definitive Treatment | Active Surveillance | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. patients | 193 | 71 (36.8) | 122 (63.2) | |
| Age (y) | 69.8 ± 7.5 | 68.6 ± 6.4 | 70.5 ± 8.0 | 0.082 |
| Charlson comorbidity index (≥2) | 22 (11.4) | 14 (19.7) | 8 (6.6) | 0.014 |
| Family history | 7 (3.6) | 4 (5.6) | 3 (2.5) | 0.307 |
| PSA (ng/mL) | 5.6 ± 3.0 | 5.9 ± 2.7 | 5.4 ± 3.1 | 0.212 |
| Prostate volume (cc) | 44.9 ± 18.3 | 41.5 ± 16.7 | 46.9 ± 19.0 | 0.051 |
| PSA density (ng/mL/cc) | 0.14 ± 0.08 | 0.16 ± 0.08 | 0.12 ± 0.08 | 0.006 |
| Gleason Grade group | 0.184 | |||
| 1 | 164 (85.0) | 56 (78.9) | 108 (84.4) | |
| 2 | 29 (15.0) | 15 (21.1) | 14 (15.6) | |
| Clinical stage | 0.886 | |||
| cT1 | 147 (76.2) | 54 (76.1) | 93 (76.2) | |
| cT2 | 46 (23.8) | 17 (23.9) | 29 (23.8) | |
| No. of positive biopsy cores | <0.001 | |||
| 1 | 117 (75.0) | 39 (56.5) | 78 (89.7) | |
| 2 | 39 (25.0) | 30 (43.4) | 9 (10.3) | |
| Maximum percentage involvement | 0.423 | |||
| ≤20% | 113 (73.3) | 50 (72.5) | 63 (74.1) | |
| 20%-50% | 37 (24.1) | 18 (26.1) | 19 (22.4) | |
| >50% | 4 (2.6) | 1 (1.4) | 3 (3.5) | |
| Incidental PCa after TURP | 42 (21.8) | 3 (4.2) | 39 (32.0) | <0.001 |
| % of positive biopsy chips | 4.3 ± 6.6 | 1.5 ± 0.3 | 4.5 ± 6.9 | 0.459 |
| Risk stratification | 0.083 | |||
| Very low | 7 (3.6) | 7 (9.9) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Low | 146 (75.6) | 53 (74.6) | 73 (76.2) | |
| Favorable intermediate | 37 (19.2) | 11 (15.5) | 26 (21.3) | |
| Unfavorable intermediate | 3 (1.6) | 0 (0.0) | 3 (2.5) | |
| Follow-up duration (mo) | 42.7 (25.2–64.2) | 47.8 (18.8–70.0) | 41.8 (27.9–63.6) | 0.746 |
| AS adherence duration (mo) | 31.4 (19.2–56.7) |
Data are n (%), mean ± standard deviation or median (interquartile range).
AS, active surveillance; PCa, prostate cancer; PSA, prostate-specific antigen; TURP, transurethral resection of prostate.