Table 2.
Registered Nurses’ Self-Reported Exposure to, and Perpetrators of, Incivility and Cyber-Incivility, N = 526
| Variable (N = 526) | n (%) or M ± SD |
|---|---|
| Mean incivility score (co-workers) | 6.68 ± 4.37 |
| Mean incivility score (supervisors) | 5.33 ± 4.73 |
| Experiences of incivility at work | |
| First time during pandemic | 15 (3.0) |
| Same as before | 169 (34.2) |
| More than before | 185 (37.4) |
| Less than before | 73 (14.9) |
| Not applicable—Have never experienced workplace incivility | 52 (10.5) |
| Perpetrators of incivility | |
| Registered nurses | 220 (41.8) |
| Supervisor/middle-level manager | 213 (40.5) |
| Patients | 180 (34.2) |
| Family and friends of patients | 168 (31.9) |
| Physicians | 161 (30.6) |
| Hospital administrator | 109 (20.7) |
| Unlicensed nursing staff (CNA, UAP, other) | 77 (14.6) |
| Non-nursing co-workers | 67 (12.7) |
| Licensed practical nurses/vocational nurses | 9 (1.7) |
| Others not listed | 25 (4.8) |
| Witnessed incivility at work | |
| First time during pandemic | 7 (1.4) |
| Same as before | 170 (34.4) |
| More than before | 226 (45.8) |
| Less than before | 56 (11.3) |
| Not applicable—Have never witnessed workplace incivility | 35 (7.1) |
| Participant acted in uncivil manner | |
| First time during pandemic | 35 (7.1) |
| Same as before | 86 (17.4) |
| More than before | 50 (10.1) |
| Less than before | 56 (11.3) |
| Not applicable—Have never acted in uncivil manner | 267 (54.1) |
| Experienced cyber-incivility | |
| Never | 270 (56.8) |
| Rarely | 82 (17.3) |
| Sometimes | 87 (18.3) |
| Frequently | 26 (5.5) |
| Many times | 10 (2.1) |
| Experiences of cyber-incivility | |
| First time during pandemic | 26 (5.5) |
| Same as before | 61 (12.8) |
| More than before | 125 (26.3) |
| Less than before | 20 (4.2) |
| Not applicable—Have never experienced cyber-incivility | 243 (51.2) |
| Perpetrators of cyber-incivility | |
| Registered nurses | 121 (23.0) |
| Supervisor/middle-level manager | 69 (13.1) |
| Family and friends of patients | 44 (8.4) |
| Non-nursing co-workers | 41 (7.8) |
| Hospital administrator | 33 (6.3) |
| Physicians | 32 (6.1) |
| Patients | 22 (4.2) |
| Unlicensed nursing staff (CNA, UAP, other) | 18 (3.4) |
| Licensed practical nurses/vocational nurses | 6 (1.1) |
| Others not listed | 28 (5.3) |
| Experienced incivility during the COVID-19 pandemic related to the role as health care professional on the way to and from work | |
| Yes | 97 (21.8) |
| No | 348 (78.2) |
Note. Numbers (n) on some variables may not sum to total due to missing data. CNA = certified nursing assistant; UAP = unlicensed assistive personnel.