Table 1. Baseline Characteristics of Patients With Prior AF and a CHA2DS2-VASc Score of 2 or Higher.
| Characteristic | Patients, No. (%) | ASD, % | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total (N = 35 767) | OAC (n = 6303) | No OAC (n = 29 464) | ||
| Age, mean (SD), y | 75.5 (9.2) | 73.0 (10.0) | 76.0 (8.9) | 31.7 |
| Male | 16 982 (47.5) | 3102 (49.2) | 13 880 (47.1) | 4.2 |
| Female | 18 785 (52.5) | 3201 (50.8) | 15 584 (52.9) | 4.2 |
| Educational level | ||||
| College | 977 (2.7) | 231 (3.7) | 746 (2.5) | 6.9 |
| High school | 8529 (23.8) | 1732 (27.5) | 6797 (23.1) | 10.1 |
| Below elementary school | 13 465 (37.6) | 2020 (32.0) | 11 445 (38.8) | 14.3 |
| Unclear | 12 796 (35.8) | 2320 (36.8) | 10 476 (35.6) | 2.5 |
| Insurance | ||||
| UEBMI | 12 420 (34.7) | 2333 (37.0) | 10 087 (34.2) | 5.9 |
| URBMI | 7249 (20.3) | 1312 (20.8) | 5937 (20.2) | 1.5 |
| NRCMS | 12 850 (35.9) | 1956 (31.0) | 10 894 (37.0) | 12.7 |
| Self-pay | 1703 (4.8) | 343 (5.4) | 1360 (4.6) | 3.7 |
| Other | 1545 (4.3) | 359 (5.7) | 1186 (4.0) | 7.9 |
| Monthly income per capita, ¥ (US dollars)a | ||||
| ≤1000 (154) | 2568 (7.2) | 433 (6.9) | 2135 (7.2) | 1.2 |
| 1001-5000 (155-771) | 12 497 (34.9) | 2140 (34.0) | 10 357 (35.2) | 2.5 |
| ≥5001 (772) | 2155 (6.0) | 464 (7.4) | 1691 (5.7) | 6.9 |
| Unclear | 18 547 (51.9) | 3266 (51.8) | 15 281 (51.9) | 0.2 |
| Current smoker or history of smoking | 8874 (24.8) | 1566 (24.8) | 7308 (24.8) | 0.0 |
| Drinking | 5545 (15.5) | 1047 (16.6) | 4498 (15.3) | 3.6 |
| Risk factors known before admission | ||||
| Prior stroke or TIA | 16 896 (47.2) | 4061 (64.4) | 12 835 (43.6) | 42.7 |
| CHD or MI | 8763 (24.5) | 1848 (29.3) | 6915 (23.5) | 13.2 |
| Hypertension | 24 852 (69.5) | 4193 (66.5) | 20 659 (70.1) | 7.7 |
| Diabetes | 7460 (20.9) | 1467 (23.3) | 5993 (20.3) | 7.3 |
| Dyslipidemia | 3668 (10.3) | 1024 (16.2) | 2644 (9.0) | 21.8 |
| Heart failure | 3274 (9.2) | 672 (10.7) | 2602 (8.8) | 6.4 |
| Carotid stenosis | 742 (2.1) | 225 (3.6) | 517 (1.8) | 11.1 |
| PVD | 1574 (4.4) | 490 (7.8) | 1084 (3.7) | 17.7 |
| Medication before admission | ||||
| Antiplatelet medication | 12 724 (35.6) | 2815 (44.7) | 9909 (33.6) | 22.9 |
| Antihypertension medication | 19 937 (55.7) | 3811 (60.5) | 16 126 (54.7) | 11.8 |
| Glucose-lowering medication | 5970 (16.7) | 1309 (20.8) | 4661 (15.8) | 13.0 |
| Lipid-lowering medication | 9325 (26.1) | 3123 (49.5) | 6202 (21.0) | 62.5 |
| CHA2DS2-VASc score, median (IQR) | 4.0 (3.0-5.0) | 4.0 (3.0-5.0) | 4.0 (3.0-5.0) | |
| Hospital level | ||||
| Secondary | 11 345 (31.7) | 1718 (27.3) | 9627 (32.7) | 11.8 |
| Tertiary | 24 422 (68.3) | 4585 (72.7) | 19 837 (67.3) | 11.8 |
| Region | ||||
| Eastern | 19 589 (54.8) | 3341 (53.0) | 16 248 (55.1) | 4.2 |
| Central | 8982 (25.1) | 1504 (23.9) | 7478 (25.4) | 3.5 |
| Western | 7196 (20.1) | 1458 (23.1) | 5738 (19.5) | 8.8 |
Abbreviations: AF, atrial fibrillation; ASD, absolute standardized difference; CHA2DS2-VASc, cardiac failure or dysfunction, hypertension, age 65-74 (1 point) or ≥75 years (2 points), diabetes, and stroke, transient ischemic attack or thromboembolism (2 points)–vascular disease, and sex category (female); CHD, coronary heart disease; IQR, interquartile range; MI, myocardial infarction; NRCMS, new rural cooperative medical scheme; OAC, oral anticoagulation; PVD, peripheral vascular disease; TIA, transient ischemic attack; UEBMI, urban employee basic medical insurance; URBMI, urban resident basic medical insurance.
a
Conversion rate, $1 = ¥6.41.