Official websites use .gov
A
.gov website belongs to an official
government organization in the United States.
Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock (
) or https:// means you've safely
connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive
information only on official, secure websites.
The treatment targets to achieve various analgesics (Figure is adapted from [30]). The pharmacological treatment, e.g. opiods, NMDA blockers, antidepressants, and the physical neuromodulation approaches, e.g. motor cortex stimulation, spinal cord stimulation, deep brain stimulation are included as candidate methods for pain treatment at corresponding action sites.
