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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: Struct Equ Modeling. 2021 Mar 23;28(4):609–621. doi: 10.1080/10705511.2021.1878895

Table 5.

Monte Carlo Analysis of Bias in the Standard Errors of the Standardized Effect Size (GMA d) from Slopes and Intercepts

N Parameter Coverage Percent Bias Confidence Interval Bias
Eq Delta BTSP Eq Delta BTSP Eq Delta BTSP
S I S I S I S I S I S I S I S I S I
50 .3464 .936 .933 .942 .939 .954 .951 4.02 5.81 3.35 4.63 2.66 1.15 .014 .017 .008 .011 −.004 .001
50 .6928 .935 .925 .941 .938 .954 .949 4.71 8.00 3.26 4.67 2.75 1.12 .015 .025 .009 .012 −.004 .001
100 .3464 .942 .941 .945 .945 .952 .950 1.78 3.13 1.29 2.21 1.52 .59 .008 .009 .005 .005 −.002 .000
100 .6928 .943 .936 .947 .947 .952 .950 2.47 5.08 1.22 1.96 1.60 .79 .007 .014 .003 .003 −.002 .000
150 .3464 .940 .944 .942 .947 .946 .951 2.17 2.47 1.78 1.53 .00 .27 .010 .006 .008 .003 .004 .001
150 .6928 .939 .939 .942 .947 .946 .949 2.90 4.57 1.76 1.50 .04 .26 .011 .011 .008 .003 .004 .001
250 .3464 .947 .946 .948 .949 .950 .951 1.19 1.57 .83 .70 .15 .26 .003 .004 .002 .001 .000 .001
250 .6928 .945 .941 .948 .948 .949 .952 1.90 3.66 .77 .68 20 .34 .005 .009 .002 .002 .001 .002
500 .3464 .944 .948 .945 .951 .948 .950 1.46 1.11 1.17 .25 .66 .12 .006 .002 .005 .001 .002 .000
500 .6928 .944 .943 .946 .951 .947 .950 2.17 3.03 1.16 .00 .58 .36 .006 .007 .004 .001 .003 .000

Mdn .942 .941 .942 .947 .950 .950 2.17 3.40 1.26 1.52 .62 .35 .008 .009 .005 .003 .000 .001

Note. Coverage = 95% coverage, Confidence Interval Bias = difference between coverage and .950, delta = delta method, BTSP = bootstrap, Eq = post hoc equations, delta = delta method, S = GMA d from slope difference, I = GMA d from intercept difference.