Table 1.
Epidemiology of SARS-CoV2 infection in critically ill children and young adults.
| Characteristics | Total | Suspected | Confirmed |
|---|---|---|---|
| N | 331 | 152 | 179 |
| Date of enrollment | |||
| Week 1 (April 15) | 47 (14.2) | 13 (8.6) | 34 (19.0) |
| Week 2 (April 22) | 39 (11.8) | 23 (15.1) | 16 (8.9) |
| Week 3 (April 29) | 29 (8.8) | 17 (11.2) | 12 (6.7) |
| Week 4 (May 6) | 29 (8.8) | 13 (8.6) | 16 (8.9) |
| Week 5 (May 13) | 43 (13.0) | 20 (13.2) | 23 (12.9) |
| Week 6 (May 20) | 33 (10.0) | 13 (8.6) | 20 (11.2) |
| Week 7 (May 27) | 21 (6.3) | 11 (7.2) | 10 (5.6) |
| Week 8 (June 3) | 23 (7.0) | 15 (9.9) | 8 (4.5) |
| Week 9 (June 10) | 23 (7.0) | 10 (6.6) | 13 (7.3) |
| Week 10 (June 17) | 17 (5.1) | 7 (4.6) | 10 (5.6) |
| Week 11 (June 24) | 27 (8.2) | 10 (6.6) | 17 (9.5) |
| Age, years (median, IQR) | 11 (3, 16) | 10 (2, 16) | 12 (4, 16) |
| Age categories | |||
| Infants/young children (0–<5 years) | 100 (30.2) | 52 (34.2) | 48 (26.8) |
| School-aged children (5–<13 years) | 87 (26.3) | 38 (25.0) | 49 (27.4) |
| Adolescents/young adults (13–25 years) | 144 (43.5) | 62 (40.8) | 82 (45.8) |
| Sex | |||
| Female | 146 (44.1) | 64 (42.1) | 82 (45.8) |
| Male | 185 (55.9) | 88 (57.9) | 97 (54.2) |
| Race | |||
| Caucasian | 159 (48.0) | 86 (56.6) | 73 (40.8) |
| Black | 84 (25.4) | 34 (22.4) | 50 (27.9) |
| Other | 9 (2.7) | 3 (2.0) | 6 (3.4) |
| Unknown | 79 (23.9) | 29 (19.1) | 50 (27.9) |
| Ethnicity | |||
| Non-Hispanic, non-Latino, non-Spanish | 195 (58.9) | 108 (71.1) | 87 (48.6) |
| Hispanic, Latino, Spanish | 85 (25.7) | 19 (12.5) | 66 (36.9) |
| Unknown | 51 (15.4) | 25 (16.5) | 26 (14.5) |
| Body mass index categoriesa | |||
| Underweight | 36 (10.9) | 16 (10.5) | 20 (11.2) |
| Normal weight | 118 (35.7) | 57 (37.5) | 61 (34.1) |
| Overweight | 30 (9.1) | 9 (5.9) | 21 (11.7) |
| Obese | 79 (23.9) | 29 (19.1) | 50 (27.9) |
| Location | |||
| United States | 298 (90.0) | 125 (82.2) | 173 (96.7) |
| Canada | 13 (3.9) | 13 (8.6) | 0 (0) |
| Western Europe | 9 (2.7) | 7 (4.6) | 2 (1.1) |
| Eastern Europe/Russia | 10 (3.0) | 6 (4.0) | 4 (2.2) |
| Middle East | <5 | n/a | n/a |
| Any chronic conditionb | 233 (70.4) | 108 (71.1) | 125 (69.8) |
| No chronic condition | 98 (29.6) | 44 (29.0) | 54 (30.2) |
| Asthma | 42 (12.7) | 19 (12.5) | 23 (12.8) |
| Seizures/epilepsy | 44 (13.3) | 22 (14.5) | 22 (12.3) |
| Congenital heart disease (corrected and uncorrected) | 30 (9.1) | 12 (7.9) | 18 (10.1) |
| Cancer (in therapy, remission) | 29 (8.8) | 12 (7.9) | 17 (9.5) |
| Cerebral palsy/encephalopathy | 34 (10.3) | 18 (11.8) | 16 (8.9) |
| Chronic ventilation | 36 (10.9) | 21 (13.8) | 15 (8.4) |
| Diabetes | 18 (5.4) | 6 (3.9) | 12 (6.7) |
| Hypertension | 13 (3.9) | 8 (5.3) | 5 (2.8) |
| Baseline eGFR, median (IQR)c | 125 (93, 180) | 126 (94, 198) | 125 (91, 157) |
| Baseline serum creatinine, mg/dl, median (IQR)c | 0.38 (0.23, 0.66) | 0.32 (0.22, 0.66) | 0.47 (0.23, 0.66) |
| Admission serum creatinine, mg/dl, median (range)d | 0.52 (0.33, 0.81) | 0.50 (0.30, 0.81) | 0.59 (0.37, 0.80) |
| Admission reasons | |||
| Shock/hemodynamic instability | 91 (27.5) | 32 (21.1) | 59 (33.0) |
| Sepsis/infection | 77 (23.3) | 39 (25.7) | 38 (21.2) |
| Respiratory distress | 159 (48.0) | 69 (45.4) | 90 (50.3) |
| CNS symptoms | 39 (11.8) | 23 (15.1) | 16 (8.9) |
| Metabolic derangements | 18 (5.4) | 7 (4.6) | 11 (6.2) |
| Gastrointestinal symptoms | 10 (3.0) | 3 (2.0) | 7 (3.9) |
| Other | 48 (14.5) | 26 (17.1) | 22 (12.3) |
| Acute kidney Injury | |||
| None | 207 (62.5) | 102 (67.1) | 105 (58.7) |
| Mild (stage 1) | 61 (18.4) | 22 (14.5) | 39 (21.8) |
| Severe (stage 2/3) | 63 (19.0) | 28 (18.4) | 35 (19.6) |
Data presented as N (column percentages) except where indicated.
AKI acute kidney injury, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate (ml/min/1.73 m2), IQR interquartile range.
aBMI/weight-for-height data missing for 68 patients. BMI categories based on CDC definitions; weight-for-height for those <2 years of age, BMI percentile for those 2–20 years, and adult BMI categories for those >20 years.
bCommon chronic conditions presented for those where at least 10 patients had the condition.
cBaseline eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m2)/creatinine (mg/dl) missing for 204 patients, so for the remainder, it was estimated based on standard estimating equations (see “Methods” section).
dAdmission creatinine value missing on four patients.