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Schematic diagram of c-di-GMP signal transduction system. (A) The synthesis and degradation of c-di-GMP depending on the DGCs containing the GGDEF domain and c-di-GMP-specific PDEs containing EAL or HD-GYP domain. (B) The c-di-GMP receptors found in bacteria that bind to c-di-GMP for exerting their regulatory functions. (C) Different physiological phenotypes of bacteria regulated by c-di-GMP binding to receptors.
