Table 1. Selectable markers for crop transformation.

Some markers that have been used for GM crops over the years are summarized in this review. Details comprise the conferred phenotype, and examples of organisms for which the use of the marker has been described.

Gene	Phenotype	Organism	Reference
merA	Mercuric chloride	Peanut	Yang et al. (2003)
pflp	Erwinia chloride	Sweet pepper	You et al. (2003)
atlD	Arabital	Rice	LaFayette et al. (2005)
OASAID	5-methyltryptophan (5-MT)	Rice	LaFayette et al. (2005)
xylA	Xylose	Maize	Guo et al. (2007)
ALS	Bispyribac sodium	Wheat	Ogawa et al. (2008)
dhlA	1,2-dichloroethene	Rice	Moore & Srivastava (2008)
ALS	Bispyribac sodium	Soybean	Tougou et al. (2009)
pmi	Mannose	Sorghum	Gurel et al. (2009)
pmi	Mannose	Lettuce	Briza et al. (2010)
aadA	Streptomycin & Stectinomycin	Egg plant	Singh et al. (2011)
dadA	D-serine	Maize	Lai et al. (2011)
tflA	Toxoflavin	Rice	Koh et al. (2011)
Bar	Phosphinothricin	Soybean	Li et al. (2017)
Epsps	Hygromycin B phosphotransferase	Potato	Bakhsh et al. (2020)
nptII	Kanamycin	Potato	Bakhsh et al. (2020)