. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2021 Jul 30.

Published in final edited form as: Processes (Basel). 2021 Jan 31;9(2):273. doi: 10.3390/pr9020273

Table 1.

Examples of pathological diseases associated with EV cargo

Disease	EV Sources	EV Cargo	Potential Functions of EV Cargo	References
Glioblastoma (GBM)	Apoptotic GBM cells	Splicing factor RBM11	Increased proliferation and therapeutic resistance	[88]
Lung and breast cancer	Lung and breast cancer cells	miR-23a, miR-96, miR-105 and small nucleolar RNAs (snRNAs)	Enhanced angiogenesis; Immuno-modulation	[89–91]
Breast cancer	Breast cancer cells	miR-122	Reprogramming metabolism	[92]
Pancreatic cancer	Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas cell lines	Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF)	Increased liver metastasis	[93]
Atherosclerosis	Human coronary endothelial cells and neutrophils	miR-155 and adhesion proteins	Increased inflammation and monocyte infiltration into plaques	[94,95]
Prion disease	Mouse plasma and neuroglial cells	Prion protein isoform PrP^SC	Accumulation of infectious PrP^SC	[96,97]
Alzheimer’s disease (AD)	Human and mouse primaryastrocytes	Amyloid-β (Aβ) and hyperphosphorylated Tau (p-Tau)	Aggregation of Aβ and p-Tau plaques	[98,99]
Parkinson’s disease (PD)	Human neuroglioma cells, mouse primary neurons	α-synuclein	Accumulation of toxic α-synuclein oligomers	[100,101]