Table 2.
The association between CAC and subtle white-matter injury: Framingham Heart Study third-generation cohort (N = 1052)
| Mean FA |
lnFW |
lnPSMD |
||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| One year of aging* | −0.052 | 0.051 | 0.051 | |||||||||||
| Method | Group | n | Estimate | 95%CI | P-value | P for trend | Estimate | 95%CI | P-value | P for trend | Estimate | 95%CI | P-value | P for trend |
| Model 1 | CAC=0 | 753 | Reference | 0.010 | Reference | 0.016 | Reference | 0.029 | ||||||
| 0 < CAC ≤100 | 236 | −0.147 | (−0.292, −0.002) | 0.05 | 0.106 | (−0.041, 0.253) | 0.16 | 0.050 | (−0.094, 0.195) | 0.50 | ||||
| CAC>100 | 63 | −0.268 | (−0.520, −0.017) | 0.04 | 0.295 | (0.041, 0.549) | 0.02 | 0.325 | (0.075, 0.575) | 0.01 | ||||
| Model 2 | CAC=0 | 753 | Reference | 0.029 | Reference | 0.098 | Reference | 0.137 | ||||||
| 0 < CAC ≤100 | 236 | −0.124 | (−0.267, 0.018) | 0.09 | 0.066 | (−0.080, 0.212) | 0.38 | 0.008 | (−0.137, 0.153) | 0.91 | ||||
| CAC>100 | 63 | −0.220 | (−0.466, 0.026) | 0.08 | 0.213 | (−0.040, 0.466) | 0.10 | 0.259 | (0.008, 0.510) | 0.04 | ||||
Abbreviations: CAC, coronary artery calcium; CFPWV, carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity; FA, fractional anisotropy; FW, free water; PSMD, peak width of skeletonized mean diffusivity, SE, standard error.
Mean FW and PSMD were log-transformed since they have skewed distributions, which represent lnFW and lnPSMD respectively.
Model 1:sex, age at CT, age at CT squared, and time between at CT and MRI, Model 2:current smoker (yes/no), SBP (mmHg), diabetes (yes/no), total cholesterol (mg/dL), medications for hypertension (yes/no) and dyslipidemia (yes/no), and total cranial volume (mL)
One year of ageing naturally has changed three outcomes above. Interpretation of the CAC results was that those with CAC>100 had an adjusted mean FA 0.268 lower than those with CAC=0, equivalent to (0.268/0.052)=5.2 years of ageing.