Table 1.
Characteristics of adult tuberculosis patients with and without diabetes screened for drug-resistant tuberculosis in Lima, Peru, 2005–2008 (N = 1671)
| Characteristics | TB with DM, n (%) (n = 186) | TB without DM, n (%) (n = 1485) | Total, n (%) (N = 1671) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Demographics | |||
| Sex | |||
| Male | 114 (61.3) | 989 (66.6) | 1103 (66.0) |
| Female | 72 (38.7) | 496 (38.7) | 568 (34.0) |
| Age, yearsa | |||
| 15–24 | 0 | 506 (34.1) | 506 (30.3) |
| 25–44 | 33 (17.7) | 714 (30.1) | 747 (44.7) |
| 45–64 | 125 (67.2) | 218 (14.7) | 343 (20.5) |
| >64 | 28 (15.1) | 47 (3.2) | 75 (4.5) |
| Marital statusa | |||
| Married/partner | 122 (65.6) | 521 (35.1) | 643 (38.5) |
| Divorced/separated/widow | 37 (19.9) | 172 (11.6) | 209 (12.5) |
| Single | 27 (14.5) | 791 (53.3) | 818 (49.0) |
| Employment | |||
| Employed/otherb | 123 (66.1) | 885 (59.6) | 1008 (60.3) |
| Unemployed | 63 (33.9) | 596 (40.1) | 659 (39.4) |
| Educationa | |||
| None/incomplete primary | 48 (25.8) | 170 (11.5) | 218 (13.1) |
| Some secondary | 52 (28.0) | 482 (32.5) | 534 (32.0) |
| Graduated secondary or more | 85 (45.7) | 824 (55.5) | 909 (54.4) |
| TB characteristics | |||
| Baseline AFB smear result | |||
| Positive | 171 (91.9) | 1303 (87.7) | 1474 (88.2) |
| Negative | 14 (7.5) | 161 (10.8) | 175 (10.5) |
| Missing | 1 (0.5) | 21 (1.4) | 22 (1.3) |
| Baseline culture resulta | |||
| Positive | 138 (74.2) | 1059 (71.3) | 1197 (71.6) |
| Negative | 24 (12.9) | 308 (20.7) | 332 (19.9) |
| Missing | 24 (12.9) | 118 (8.0) | 142 (8.5) |
| Previous TB treatmenta | |||
| Yes | 43 (23.1) | 805 (54.2) | 848 (50.7) |
| No | 143 (76.9) | 680 (45.8) | 823 (49.3) |
| Baseline drug susceptibilitya | |||
| Pan-susceptible | 105 (56.5) | 537 (36.2) | 642 (38.4) |
| Drug-resistant | 17 (9.1) | 137 (9.2) | 154 (9.2) |
| MDR | 29 (15.6) | 365 (24.6) | 394 (23.6) |
| Missing | 35 (18.8) | 446 (30.0) | 481 (28.8) |
| Extrapulmonary | |||
| Yes | 3 (1.6) | 34 (2.3) | 37 (2.2) |
| No | 183 (98.4) | 1450 (97.6) | 1633 (97.7) |
| Duration of symptoms, weeks | |||
| Mean (SD) | 12.1 (11.6) | 15.3 (21.9) | 15.0 (21.0) |
| Median (IQR) | 8.7 (11.6) | 8.9 (15.9) | 8.9 (14.9) |
| TB symptomsc | |||
| Weight loss | 158 (85.0) | 1205 (81.1) | 1363 (81.6) |
| Dyspnea | 25 (13.4) | 273 (18.4) | 298 (17.8) |
| Blood in sputum | 6 (3.2) | 93 (6.3) | 99 (5.9) |
| Bilateral cavitationa | |||
| Yes | 6 (3.2) | 75 (5.1) | 81 (4.9) |
| No | 177 (95.2) | 1357 (91.4) | 1534 (91.8) |
| Missing | 3 (1.6) | 53 (3.6) | 56 (3.4) |
| Risk factorsc | |||
| HIV-positivea | 1 (0.5) | 197 (13.3) | 198 (11.9) |
| Any household TB contacta | 10 (5.4) | 347 (23.4) | 357 (21.4) |
| Household MDR contacta | 7 (3.8) | 199 (13.4) | 206 (12.3) |
| Current tobacco | 9 (4.8) | 57 (3.8) | 66 (4.0) |
| Current alcohol | 10 (5.4) | 125 (8.4) | 135 (8.1) |
| Low BMI (<18.5 kg/m2)a | 9 (4.8) | 326 (22.2) | 335 (20.3) |
AFB, acid-fast bacillus; BMI, body mass index; DM, diabetes mellitus; IQR, interquartile range; MDR, multidrug-resistant; SD, standard deviation; TB, tuberculosis. Some cells may not sum to 100% due to missing data. For any variable with more than 1% missing, percent missing is indicated.
a
Mantel-Haenszel p-value <0.05.
b
‘Other’ includes student, housewife, and retired.
c
Not mutually exclusive categories, should not add up to 100%, column percentages are listed.