FIG 2.

Location of false-negative and false-positive fractures for the radiologists and the CNN. Each location instance is marked by a red dot. False-negative fractures by radiologists (A) and the CNN (B) were similar in site and distribution. Although both the radiologists and CNN missed fractures more commonly along the lower cervical spine, errors were more numerous for the CNN. False-positive fracture sites noted by radiologists (C) and the CNN (D) can also be compared side-by-side. Numerous findings can mimic fractures on CT, most commonly degenerative changes or nutrient foramina. These fracture mimics were misinterpreted by both radiologists and the CNN. False-positive fractures along the anterior corners of vertebral bodies were slightly more commonly noted by radiologists and false-positive fractures along the facets and transverse processes were more commonly identified by the CNN.