Table 8.
Relationship Between Patient Mindfulness Tertiles and Resilience and Vulnerability Factors
Bottom Tertile | Middle Tertile | Top Tertile | p | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Diagnosis | <0.001 | ||||
Controls, % | 23.7 | 26.3 | 50.0 | ||
MCI, % | 22.6 | 45.2 | 32.3 | ||
Dementia, % | 50.0 | 25.6 | 24.5 | ||
Neuropsychologic Tests | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | p | |
MoCA | 18.0 (6.6) | 20.6 (6.5) | 21.5 (6.6) | 0.001 | |
Cognitive z-score | −0.17 (0.99) | 0.19 (0.94) | 0.42 (0.89) | 0.001 | |
Resilience factors | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | p | Adj p |
Education (y) | 15.5 (2.8) | 15.9 (2.7) | 15.9 (2.4) | 0.311 | 0.803 |
Verbal IQ | 105.7 (17.2) | 113.0 (13.8) | 115.4 (13.2) | 0.130 | 0.700 |
Physical activity (QPAR) | 17.7 (14.4) | 20.7 (19.7) | 29.9 (24.9) | <0.001 | 0.104 |
MIND diet | 8.6 (1.9) | 8.6 (2.3) | 9.3 (2.3) | 0.081 | 0.415 |
Social Engagement | 2.6 (0.8) | 2.8 (0.9) | 3.1 (0.9) | <0.001 | 0.004 |
Vulnerability factors | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | Mean (SD) | p | Adj p |
Age (y) | 75.3 (8.7) | 74.1 (11.3) | 74.2 (8.2) | 0.595 | 0.794 |
HADS-Depression | 7.3 (4.0) | 6.5 (3.7) | 3.8 (2.9) | <0.001 | <0.001 |
Fried Frailty Score | 2.5 (1.4) | 2.1 (1.3) | 1.5 (1.3) | <0.001 | 0.006 |
mCAIDE | 7.9 (2.6) | 7.3 (3.1) | 6.9 (3.2) | 0.028 | 0.017 |
Charlson Comorbidity Index | 2.4 (1.4) | 2.5 (2.0) | 2.1 (1.6) | 0.274 | 0.574 |
Means (SD) or %. Adj p: ANCOVA controlling for dementia severity with Clinical Dementia Rating Sum of Boxes. Bold signifies significant p-value after controlling for multiple comparisons. MCI, mild cognitive impairment; MoCA, Montreal Cognitive Impairment; QPAR, Quick Physical Activity Rating; MIND, Mediterranean-DASH Intervention for Neurodegenerative Delay; HADS, Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale; mCAIDE, modified Cardiovascular Risk Factors, Aging, and Dementia.