. 2021 May 20;8(3):383–391. doi: 10.1007/s40801-021-00258-3

Table 3.

Risk of bleeding associated with type of antidepressant in atrial fibrillation patients taking oral anticoagulants, PS-matched cohorts, MarketScan^®, 2007–2015

SSRI vs SNRI	SNRI	SSRI
No. events	126	161
Incidence rate^a	2.62	3.18
Hazard ratio (95% CI)^b	1 (ref.)	1.22 (0.96–1.54)

SSRI vs SRI	SRI	SSRI
No. events	170	206
Incidence rate^a	3.27	3.50
Hazard ratio (95% CI)^b	1 (ref.)	1.10 (0.90–1.35)

SSRI vs TCA	TCA	SSRI
No. events	156	147
Incidence rate^a	2.81	2.85
Hazard ratio (95% CI)^b	1 (ref.)	1.03 (0.82–1.30)

SNRI vs SRI	SRI	SNRI
No. events	132	118
Incidence rate^a	3.09	2.62
Hazard ratio (95% CI)^b	1 (ref.)	0.87 (0.67–1.11)

SNRI vs TCA	TCA	SNRI
No. events	129	113
Incidence rate^a	2.66	2.67
Hazard ratio (95% CI)^b	1 (ref.)	0.98 (0.76–1.27)

SRI vs TCA	TCA	SRI
No. events	137	155
Incidence rate^a	3.01	2.81
Hazard ratio (95% CI)^b	1 (ref.)	0.98 (0.77–1.23)

CI confidence interval, PS propensity score, SNRI serotonin/norepinephrine reuptake inhibitor, SRI serotonin reuptake inhibitor, SSRI selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor, TCA tricyclic antidepressant

^aIncidence rate in events per 100 person-years

^bFully adjusted model corresponds to pairwise PS-matched cohorts. Models were adjusted for age, sex, HAS-BLED score, CHA₂DS₂-VASc score, alcohol use, comorbid conditions (heart failure, hypertension, diabetes, myocardial infarction, peripheral artery disease, kidney failure, stroke, bleeding, anemia, coagulopathy, cancer, mood disorder, cognitive impairment, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and liver disease) and other medications (antiplatelet, diuretic drugs, antiarrhythmic drugs, digoxin, angiotensin-converting-enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin receptor blockers, beta blockers, calcium channel blockers, and lipid-lowering medications)