Fig. 3.

Region-wide carbon loss and CO₂ emissions. (A) Gross and net CO₂ emissions from burned primary (BPF), unburned primary (UPF), and secondary (SF) forests distributed across the epicenter of the 2015 to 16 El Niño in Amazonia. These figures include immediate (49) and committed CO₂ emissions (see Methods). (B) Comparison between the gross CO₂ emissions from our study region (dashed line with 95% credible interval as a gray band) with the major CO₂ sources and sinks in the Brazilian Amazon. The sources include the emissions arising from annual deforestation between 2009 and 2018 (51). The sinks include CO₂ sequestration by secondary and primary forests, using a locally derived (53), a neotropical (54), and an Amazonian (4) estimate of carbon uptake. Bars show mean values, while error bars show the SE.