Table 7.

Univariable models and multivariable models for dependencies of expected supervision level

Variable	Univariable models Crude coef. (95% CI)	p-value	Multivariable models Adjusted coef. (95% CI)	p-value	Corrected p-value
Gender (female)	−0.24 (− 0.51 to 0.02)	0.071	− 0.19 (− 0.33 to − 0.04)	0.012	0.354
Postgraduate year	0.10 (0.07 to 0.13)	< 0.001	0.03 (0.00 to 0.05)	0.026	0.762
Duration of training	0.37 (0.25 to 0.48)	< 0.001	0.05 (−0.06 to 0.17)	0.371	1.000
Skill repetitions	0.57 (0.54 to 0.61)	< 0.001	0.12 (0.07 to 0.17)	< 0.001	< 0.001
Perceived learning behavior	1.02 (0.98 to 1.06)	< 0.001	0.65 (0.57 to 0.72)	< 0.001	< 0.001
Base specialty		< 0.001		0.850	1.000
- Intensive care medicine	Ref.		Ref.
- Anesthesiology	−0.08 (−0.38 to 0.23)	0.621	− 0.01 (− 0.21 to 0.19)	0.945	1.000
- Internal medicine	−0.71 (− 0.99 to − 0.43)	< 0.001	0.07 (− 0.15 to 0.28)	0.541	1.000
- Surgery	− 0.43 (− 0.81 to − 0.06)	0.023	0.03 (− 0.25 to 0.31)	0.838	1.000
- Others	− 0.62 (−1.15 to − 0.10)	0.020	−0.10 (− 0.49 to 0.28)	0.595	1.000
Skill type		< 0.001		< 0.001	< 0.001
- Chest drain insertion	Ref.		Ref.
- Tracheotomy	−0.77 (−0.98 to − 0.56)	< 0.001	− 0.35 (− 0.50 to − 0.20)	< 0.001	< 0.001
- cricothyroidotomy	−1.09 (− 1.30 to − 0.88)	< 0.001	− 0.37 (− 0.53 to − 0.21)	< 0.001	< 0.001
- pericardiocentesis	−1.20 (− 1.41 to − 0.99)	< 0.001	−0.38 (− 0.54 to − 0.22)	< 0.001	< 0.001
- ECMO cannula insertion	− 1.23 (− 1.44 to − 1.02)	< 0.001	− 0.48 (− 0.64 to − 0.32)	< 0.001	< 0.001
- Endotracheal intubation	0.10 (− 0.11 to 0.31)	0.341	− 0.12 (− 0.27 to 0.03)	0.123	1.000
- Central line insertion	0.90 (0.69 to 1.11)	< 0.001	0.14 (− 0.03 to 0.31)	0.107	1.000
- Arterial line insertion	1.20 (0.99 to 1.41)	< 0.001	0.24 (0.05 to 0.42)	0.011	0.349

The standard deviation of variance components of the multivariable model was 0.06, 0.2, and 0.4, respectively for hospitals, participants, and residuals